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1.
A. Brault-Labbé V. Veilleux M.-M. Lacroix M.-E. Béliveau C. Gosselin-Leclerc A. Brassard 《Revue Européene de Psychologie Appliquée》2018,68(1):23-34
Introduction
Psychological mechanisms associated with academic motivation and academic commitment constitute promising targets for the understanding of the undergraduate students’ well being, during a particularly critical adulthood developmental period in terms of identity formation and vulnerability to psychopathologies.Objective
The present study explored the associations between the self-determination theory's seven academic types of motivation and the multimodal commitment model's three modes of academic commitment among undergraduate students.Method
Data were collected via self-reported questionnaires from a sample of 188 undergraduate students. Multiple regression analyses were performed.Results
Although several results supported the initial hypotheses, some were surprising, namely that some highly self-determined types of motivation were positively associated with some commitment difficulties.Conclusion
The discussion emphasizes the relevance of the combined use of these models to capture a rich and nuanced comprehension of psychological functioning among undergraduate students. A number of identity hypotheses are also formulated to explain the results. 相似文献2.
A. Junça-Silva A. Caetano R. Rueff Lopes 《Revue Européene de Psychologie Appliquée》2018,68(4-5):189-198
Introduction
Past research has highlighted the relevance of cognitive appraisals in the link events-emotions (e.g., appraisal of an event's importance and its pleasant or unpleasant valence). We hypothesized a 3-way interaction between affective events (hassles and uplifts), cognitive appraisals of importance and intrinsic pleasantness on emotional activation.Objective
In this study, we investigated predictors of emotional activation at workplace.Method
We collected qualitative and quantitative data from 87 employees on work-related daily events (n = 571), cognitive appraisals and emotional reactions.Results
Results showed that the cognitive appraisal of an event's importance moderated the relationship between uplifts and emotional activation: the positive relationship was stronger when uplifts were appraised as highly important. However, the intrinsic pleasantness did not moderate this relationship. Results supported the 3-way interaction hypothesized for daily hassles.Conclusion
The findings suggest that appraisals of an event's importance and intrinsic (un)pleasantness influence the link between daily events and emotional activation differently for hassles and uplifts. We discuss the implications of these findings for research and practice. 相似文献3.
Introduction
The present study focuses on patient-centered care and quality of life in dependent aging people living in nursing home.Objective
Our aim was to assess the links between the perceptions of patient-centered care, autonomy, satisfaction with care, and quality of life, according to aging dependent people and to their proxies.Method
Twenty-nine elderly residents in a nursing home and 32 close-relatives were jointly questioned on all indicators.Results
Our results showed that: (1) aging dependent people and proxies have inconsistent perceptions for quality of life and patient-centered care; (2) quality of life is linked to autonomy perception and satisfaction with care in aging dependent people, but only with autonomy perception in proxies; (3) patient-centered care is linked to satisfaction with care in aging people and in proxies.Conclusion
The results propose that fostering patient-centered care in nursing home for aging people may increase satisfaction with care, by involving both dependent residents and close-relatives. 相似文献4.
Introduction
Self-conscious emotions play an important role in children's psychosocial functioning.Objective
To examine how institutionalized children who have been abused and noninstitutionalized children solve socio-moral conflicts and evoke self-conscious emotions to deal with these conflicts.Method
One hundred children aged 5 to 8 years old (50 placed in residential care after abuse and 50 nonabused living with their biological families) were asked to solve the socio-moral conflicts enacted by a set of five story-stems.Results
Institutionalized children describe less adjusted resolutions and less pride in their narratives than noninstitutionalized children do. Children maltreatment revealed no effect on self-conscious emotions of shame and guilt.Conclusion
Maltreatment influences the way children use their emotional and social resources to deal with socio-moral conflicts. 相似文献5.
6.
C. Barreto Carvalho J. Cabral M. Sousa C. da Motta J. Benevides E. Peixoto 《Revue Européene de Psychologie Appliquée》2018,68(1):5-10
Introduction
Paranoid ideation has been consistently found as a phenomenon presented across the population continuum, and a theme that most people find in their everyday thoughts.Objective
To validate and study the psychometric properties of the Paranoia Checklist in a mixed (clinical and non-clinical) sample, in an extension of the study by Freeman et al. (2005).Method
Self-report questionnaire were completed by 392 individuals, with the aid of a psychologist when necessary.Results
The PC has shown to be a measure capable of distinguishing between clinical and non-clinical group of participants regarding the two dimensions of paranoid thoughts: frequency and conviction. Scores fitted an exponential curve, similar to the initial studies with the original version of the checklist.Conclusion
The assessment of paranoia has shown to be a continuum process common to clinical and non-clinical groups. The PC is a psychometrically sound measure to assess different paranoid thoughts on a multidimensional perspective and with sensitivity to distinguish groups of patients and healthy individuals, being suitable for use both in clinical and research settings. 相似文献7.
Introduction/aim
Computerized Cognitive Tests (CCT) play an increasing role in the assessment of elderly cognitive impairment. In this framework, it is important to review the psychometric data of the available CCT in the detection of cognitive decline.Method
To analyse psychometric properties of the CCT, the available data concerning reliability and validity indices were considered.Results
Only eleven CCT identified with elderly were retained to systematic review. 9 of 11 CCT present some results about their reliability properties; 8 of 11 CCT present results from concurrent validity; only 4 of 11 CCT present data concerning criterion validity; and just 4 of 11 CCT present some results regarding factor analysis.Conclusion
There are only a few papers published with well-structured psychometric data (reliability and validity). Some results have important limitations concerning to the adequacy of reliability and validity indices and some of these CCT psychometric properties were not studied yet. Considering these limitations, more research on the CCT is needed, including systematic studies of their psychometric properties, and Item Response Theory should be considered. 相似文献8.
Introduction
Besides the intensity of depression, the main predictors of the outcome of a depressive episode are the comorbid disorders and certain personality traits.Objectives
Since previous research has focused on the study of these traits at the level of the Big Five Factors or domains, our aim was to examine whether the course of depression can be predicted more accurately by the facets than by the domains.Methods
We assessed 58 patients with depressive disorder using a battery of psychological tests, including the NEO Personality Inventory Revised and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). About one year later, 43 of these people completed the BDI-II again.Results
Improvement was associated with high scores on the Angry Hostility, Openness to Feelings and Orderliness facets and low scores on the Modesty facet. These facets specifically predicted between 44 and 48% of the criterion variance, compared to less than a quarter for the big factors. 相似文献9.
P. Philippot V. Dethier C. Baeyens M. Bouvard 《Revue Européene de Psychologie Appliquée》2018,68(2):69-77
Introduction
Self-discrepancies (the distances between the perceived self and the ideal or the socially prescribed selves) are a hallmark in psychological distress. However, a clinical tool evaluating these discrepancies is lacking.Objective
To investigate the validity, the psychometric characteristics and the clinical relevance of the Self-Discrepancy Scale, an instrument designed to assess with multiple indices discrepancies between mental representations of the self: the actual self, on the one hand and ideal or socially-prescribed selves, on the other hand.Method
The Self-Discrepancy Scale has been administered to a large community sample, together with measures of depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and self-efficacy. It was also proposed to an additional clinical sample composed of clients with a diagnosis of mood or anxiety disorders seeking psychotherapeutic help.Results
A factor analysis evidenced three underlying dimensions to self-discrepancies: the size of the discrepancies, the resulting distress and the presence to unwanted traits. Test-retest consistency is in the acceptable range. Different profiles of self-discrepancies distinguished clinical groups suffering from different disorders.Conclusions
The data suggest that the Self-Discrepancy Scale is a valid measure of self-discrepancies and a valuable predictor of emotional vulnerability, especially with regards to abstract global judgments of discrepancies and of discrepancy induced distress. It is concluded that the Self-Discrepancy Scale offers a valuable help in clinical settings. 相似文献10.
J. Minibas-Poussard H.B. Bingol C. Roland-Levy 《Revue Européene de Psychologie Appliquée》2018,68(6):205-214
Introduction
The Turkish economy has gone through multiple economic crises, marked on the one hand by a volatile trend in the national financial system, and on the other, by the introduction of credit cards and payment facilities for consumer goods that are extremely easy to obtain.Objective
Inspired by previous research on saving attitudes, motivations, and behavior, this study explores the perceptions of consumption conducted using credit, either in the form of referred monthly payments or credit cards in the Turkish context.Method
To analyze the possible relations between saving attitudes, behaviors and new payment methods, a survey was conducted in Istanbul, with a convenience sample of independent professionals, managers and executives, and small business owners (n = 173). Their attitudes and behavior toward saving, buying on installment, credit card use and debt were combined with measures of self-reported control over spending.Results
Results show that self-reported control variables have some effects on the relationship between saving attitudes and actual saving behavior, concurring with Ajzen's model of planned behavior, but only if income is high.Conclusion
Positive and negative attitudes towards buying on instalment and credit card use are not correlated with saving attitudes or behavior. 相似文献11.
Introduction and objective
An experiment was conducted in a school context to examine whether joy and pride, two positive emotions, can promote children's acquisition of knowledge in a reading comprehension situation.Method
The experiment consisted of inducing either a positive emotion (i.e., joy, pride) or a neutral state to 10-year-old children using an autobiographical recall task. Once the induced state was evaluated, children were submitted to a reading/comprehension task of a neutral text. When they finished reading this text, a questionnaire was used to assess not only their memory of the information provided in the text, but also their ability to make inferences.Results
Our main results highlighted a positive effect of joy on children's inference making.Conclusion
This study confirmed the relevance of taking into account the emotional state of children engaged in knowledge acquisition situations at school. 相似文献12.
Introduction
In industrialized countries, gambling disorder tends to become a major issue. The use of the social representation theory provides clues for a better understanding of pathological gamblers.Objective
This paper investigates the representation of risk in a gambling context among lay people (Study 1) and among controlled gamblers and probable pathological gamblers (Study 2).Method
In the first study, 1106 people answered a free association task based on the target expression ‘risk in a gambling context’. In the second study, a small sample of gamblers, half of them being probable pathological gamblers (based on their score at the SOGS), participated in a semi-structured interview about risk in a gambling context. Interview guidelines were constructed based on the results obtained from Study 1.Results
In Study 1, results indicate that the overall representation of risk in a gambling context differs from the one in a general context. The results are interpreted through the prospect theory and the decision-making dual-process model. Results from Study 2 show that, contrarily to those being probable pathological gamblers, controlled gamblers orient their discourse around the notion of pleasure and do not perceive gambling as a threat for their ego.Conclusion
Controlled gamblers fear to lose money, while probable pathological gamblers fear to lose the game. 相似文献13.
Introduction
Historically focused on waste sorting, waste management recently integrates its complementary components: reuse and reduction.Objective
“Pay as you throw” systems are presently fostered by the French prevailing legislation. In this context, our research was designed to assess the relevance of a less coercive approach based on tailored feedback.Method
Thirty-four households took part in the experiment and were divided into two conditions. Households in the feedback condition received weekly information about their residual waste weight during 14 weeks while those in the control condition received no information.Results
Households in the feedback condition reduced their waste weight between the baseline period and the experimental period significantly more than the control condition.Discussion
Interviews of participants and literature review about the feedback approach enables us to suggest improvements and relevant futures studies. 相似文献14.
Introduction
Competition between French local communities to build infrastructures to attract enterprises and residents could sometimes result in irrational public spending.Objectives
Show the influence of psychological factors and the phenomenon of escalating commitment in particular on this type of economic decision.Method
We conducted a survey comprising four scenarios which were sent to 285 local elected representatives and we study the impact of the factors “Amount of sunk costs” and “Level of project completion” on two dependent variables, “the desire to complete the project” and “the judgment regarding the quality of the investment”. The scenarios presented a project which involve servicing a site and the construction of a road infrastructure in order to attract an enterprise.Results
In conformity with the works of Boehne and Paese, whatever the dependent variable, the level of project completion significantly explains the escalation of commitment. The hypothesis of “sunk costs” is confirmed when the escalation of commitment is measured by the dependent variable “desire to complete the project”.Conclusion
We have highlighted the effect of sunk costs and level of project completion on the decisions of local elected representatives, enriching the understanding of economic decision factors. 相似文献15.
P. Gobin A.-M. Camblats W. Faurous S. Mathey 《Revue Européene de Psychologie Appliquée》2017,67(1):25-42
Introduction/aim
Several studies have shown that the effects of word emotionality on its processing depend on both its valence and its arousal. Such effects also varied with age. However, in French, there is no norm providing both valence and arousal estimates for words not directly referring to an emotion. That was the aim of this study. Moreover, the base of word emotionality according to age (EMA) we propose here provides categorization for each word in basic emotional subcategories.Method
In total, 1286 French words were evaluated on line on both emotional valence and arousal by 1017 adults from 18 to 82 years old. Moreover, each word judged as negative or positive was attributed to a category (joy, surprise, anger, disgust, fear or sadness).Results
The data showed (1) a quadratic relationship between valence and arousal, maintained across age groups, even if its strength decreased with aging; (2) age-related variations of both valence and arousal estimates; and (3) a modification of valence and arousal evaluations according to affiliation to basic emotional subcategories.Conclusion
The EMA base provides a new tool for studies using emotional words in adulthood, especially for those investigating cognitive functioning in aging or in a specific age group. 相似文献16.
B. Houbre M.-L. Costantini J. Pouchot C. Tarquinio L. Muller 《Revue Européene de Psychologie Appliquée》2018,68(1):35-43
Introduction
Celiac disease is estimated to affect between 1 in 100 and 1 in 300 Caucasian subjects. Many quantitative studies have explored the issues encountered by these subjects; however, few studies have addressed the subjective and experiential dimensions of celiac disease.Objective
The objective of this qualitative exploratory study is to expand current knowledge concerning the subjective experience of celiac disease and of a gluten-free diet in subjects diagnosed with celiac disease in adulthood.Method
Data was collected through non-directive interviews with 14 subjects aged between 28 and 53 (M = 41.7, SD = 7.48).Results
An interpretive phenomenological analysis identified various themes related to the experience of illness: (1) history of the disease, (2) symptoms, (3) nutrition, (4) perception of medical experiences, (5) relationships with family and friends, (6) psychological implications, and (7) consequences for daily living.Conclusion
The results show the importance of developing a “mythology” (concerning the disease's origin) to enable the inclusion of the condition in the individual's on-going personal story. 相似文献17.
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19.
Introduction
This paper extends the accepted economic method of valuation by taking psychological factors into consideration.Objective
The unique psychological factors of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) have been explored and examined in order to discover whether psychological variables are correlated to background factors: sociodemographic, satisfaction from IVF medical treatment and health related factors, and whether psychological variables have an influence on the willingness to pay (WTP) for IVF treatment. Another purpose of this paper is to investigate the moderating effects of satisfaction from IVF treatment on the relationship between the psychological variables and the willingness to pay (WTP) for IVF treatment.Method
The study was carried out on 204 patients from 8 public IVF units, and provided data on their emotional response and their maximum WTP for IVF treatment.Results
Background factors were found to have a significant impact on IVF patients’ emotional outcomes. Evidence was found for gender-based variances in psychological reactions related to infertility; however, WTP remained robust and was not influenced by psychological variables. The results show that satisfaction from treatment can be regarded as a moderating variable between the psychological variables and the willingness to pay (WTP) for IVF treatment.Conclusion
The research findings indicate that fertility problems affect the quality of life of women more adversely than of men, and women suffer more negative emotions as a result of infertility. A unique emotional response that seems to be an important outcome in the experience of infertility and that was demonstrated in our study is shame. The sociocultural environment affects emotional responses regarding WTP, while IVF patients’ satisfaction with medical treatment may moderate the emotional effect of psychological factors on the WTP for IVF treatment. 相似文献20.