Visual Theologies and Material Form

This article offers a reading of a feature of John Calvin's theology that has received little attention – the role of visuality in his writings on the sacraments as developed between the years of 1536 and 1561. As an intervention into longstanding debates over the legacy of his sacramental theology, I argue that Calvin's use of visual categories to describe the sacramental event is best understood in terms of what I will call the ‘apoiconic’: a vision of divinity had through visual negation. I suggest that for Calvin the sacramental elements signal a divine absence that, in turn, redirects the gaze upward to Christ, whose spiritual presence constitutes the sacraments' substance. To make this argument, I trace the trinitarian dynamics of this ‘apoiconic vision’, where the Spirit unveils the living Christ by illumining the eyes of faith to comprehend the power of God that dwells therein. I close by reflecting on ‘apoiconicity’ as a strategy for moving beyond anxieties over materiality's idolatrous entanglements and for developing a sacramental theology that is cosmic in scope.     

论学习的形式与实质

1　引言　　自 1 965年 ,里伯 (Ｒｅｂｅｒ)发表了第一篇以“内隐学习”为题的文章———《人工语法的内隐学习》一文以来 ,越来越多的心理学工作者对其展开了系统的研究 ,这些研究涉及认知、情感、技能的各个领域。分别从不同角度证实了内隐学习及内隐知识的存在性、有效性、广泛性和相对独立性。内隐学习的研究对认知学习理论以理性思维为中心的外显学习的理论既是一个挑战 ,又是必要的补充。这为人们从多维角度看待学习的本质提供了新的视角。我们认为 ,人们存在着本质上既相对独立又相互作用的两种不同的学习方式———外显学习和内隐学…     

外科医生美学观的培养与建立

通过对医学美学的起源及发展的梳理,发现外科医生美学观的培养和建立是人类医学发展的必然趋势,是适应健康概念更新和医学模式转变的根本要求,也是促进医学技术不断发展的不竭动力.外科医生要培养和建立美学观,要树立符合科学的、进步的审美观提高自身的人文素养,并在医学实践中培养审美创造能力.     

Dialectics and the Transcendence of Dialectics: Adorno's Relation to Schelling

The influence of the thought of the great German Idealist philosopher G.W.F Hegel on the thought of Theodor Adorno, the leading thinker of the first generation of the Frankfurt School, is unmistakeable, and has been the subject of much commentary. Much less discussed, however, is the influence of Hegel's prominent contemporary, F.W.J. Schelling. This article investigates the influence of Schelling on Adorno, and the sometimes striking parallels between fundamental motifs in the work of both thinkers. It argues that Adorno's critique of Hegelian (and indeed of his own, negative) dialectics, his conception of the relation between nature and spirit, and his philosophy of history (amongst other aspects of this thought) owe a considerable debt to Schelling. Furthermore, when adequately explicated, Schelling's position on a range of problems which confronted German Idealist philosophy often prove intrinsically preferable to those of Hegel.     

孔颖达的易象观与审美意象的建构

孔颖达系隋末唐初经学大师,以主撰《五经正义》播名于史。《五经正义》历来被视为经学、哲学诠释文本,但却涵有不可忽视的美学营养。其中如《周易正义》等文本,就直接包含了丰赡的美学思想材料。如所周知,中国古典美学是以审美意象等范畴为中心的美学,而审美意象的重要基型是     

当代中国古希腊哲学研究方法论刍议——兼评《流变与持存:亚里士多德质料学说研究》

<正>古希腊哲学是西方哲学的源头和重要组成部分,一直以来都受到我国哲学工作者的关注。特别是进入新世纪以来,国内从事古希腊哲学研究的队伍不断壮大。2010年,中国人民大学哲学院召开了第一届全国古希腊罗马哲学大会,此后每两年举办一次。2014年,在浙江大学举办的第三届全国古希腊罗马哲学大会上,隶属于中华外国哲学史学会的古希腊罗马哲学学会成立。伴随着这一过程,国内学者研究古希腊罗马哲学新的论文、专著、译著不断出现,有力地推动了相关学术研究的     

On Paradoxes in Normal Form

Topoi - A proof-theoretic test for paradoxicality was famously proposed by Tennant: a paradox must yield a closed derivation of absurdity with no normal form. Drawing on the remark that all...     

‘The Zone of the Carcass and the Knacker'—On Adorno's Concern with the Suffering Body

Adorno's moral philosophy is famously problematic. One of the main reasons for this is that it revolves around the moral addendum: a physical impulse of solidarity with suffering beings that, he argues, cannot and should not be rationalized. I show that, since this moral addendum remains vague and since Adorno's radical negativity forces him to dismiss as uncritical all other approaches to morality, he deliberately places his thought in danger of relapsing into irrationality. Most commentators therefore disagree about the manner in which Adorno's references to the moral addendum can be translated into a moral theory. In this paper, I bring in some often overlooked material to form a more complete overview of the issues at hand and to adjudicate this contested area. I do this by briefly discussing Schopenhauer's moral observations on Mitleid and by focusing on Adorno's references to animal cruelty and corporeality. Although this interpretation stays close to Adorno's observations on the moral addendum, it forces us to accept that his moral philosophy is rather weak. I conclude, however, that this weakness reflects a disturbing aspect of reality and in that sense has critical value.     

浅论颌面外科的美学特点

颌面外科与美学有密切的关系.以美学的经典概念为指导,以当代文化潮流为背景,讨论颌面外科的美学意义和特点,为学科实践探索美育要求.提出了颌面外科实践中三个美学关系:正确和美,标准美和个性美,自由美和依存美.正确地满足美学对颌面外科的要求,有助于患者的社会归属感,实现美和德的学科统一.     

On the Logical Form of Concessive Conditionals

This paper outlines an account of concessive conditionals that rests on two main ideas. One is that the logical form of a sentence as used in a given context is determined by the content expressed by the sentence in that context. The other is that a coherent distinction can be drawn between a reading of ‘if’ according to which a conditional is true when its consequent holds on the supposition that its antecedent holds, and a stronger reading according to which a conditional is true when its antecedent supports its consequent. As we will suggest, the logical form of concessive conditionals can be elucidated by relying on this distinction.

     

儒家的困境与君子的责任——以狄百瑞论君子为线索

儒学的真正价值和道德实践都离不开教化,教化的目的是培养既有高尚道德又能够服务社会的人。君子作为儒家完美人格的代表和群体领袖,肩负着以德为政、教化大众的责任。狄百瑞教授认为儒家君子在某些特点上可以被称为"儒家先知",但他们缺乏世俗上和宗教上的合理性来源与正当性根基,总是处在现实与理想的困境之中。君子并非看到不现实政治的问题,但他们的道德感要求他们在社会政治中完成自我的实现和道德的实践。     

审美心理素质教育模式探析

审美心理素质教育定位于受教育者人格的发展：其本质核心是感性的独立;其基本特征是情感的通融;其特殊功能是创造力的释放;其价值定向是生命的体验。本模式通过具体教育内容引发学生预期心理活动,养成相应的审美心理素质：在智育中展开认知活动,获得感性领悟;在德育中激发动机,内化情感体验;在体(劳)育中实践意志品质,感受生命潜能;在美育中获得审美策略,独立创造意象,这些审美心理素质的综合可实现完整人格的塑成。     

Kristeva's Thought Specular: Aesthetic Disobedience as a New Form of Revolt

In Revolt, She Said, Julia Kristeva makes the intriguing suggestion that contemporary art may serve (or provoke) a benevolent form of experimental psychosis. Expanding on this idea in a recent essay, she argues that such art-induced psychosis becomes distinct in its capacity for triggering wholesome impulses toward social reform broadly conceived, that is, impulses which carry a political as well as a moral charge, but fall outside the domain of professional politics and ethical theory proper. To make this case and to emphasize the significance of Kristeva's work for exploring the contested territory of the politics of aesthetics (in Jacques Rancière's phrase), the present discussion brings Kristeva's important but under-researched notion of the “thought specular” to bear on Jonathan Neufeld's conception of “aesthetic disobedience.” By co-engaging these authors, one can extrapolate a model for participatory art that is not framed by rationalist standards of author intentionality or by communication-theoretical approaches, which cast the spectators as impassive recipients of the artwork's presumed political message. Rather, witnessed by Tania Bruguera's long-term work entitled Immigrant Movement International, participation in aesthetic disobedience can deliver on Kristeva's promise of intimate revolt in the context of artistic activism or “artivism.”