| 多个视角看自杀 |
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| 引用本文： | 保宏翔, 苗丹民. 多个视角看自杀[J]. 医学与哲学, 2022, 43(7): 41-45. doi: 10.12014/j.issn.1002-0772.2022.07.09 |
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| 作者姓名： | 保宏翔 苗丹民 |
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| 作者单位： | ①. 陆军军医大学边防卫勤训练大队 新疆呼图壁 831200; ②. 空军军医大学军事医学心理学系 陕西西安 710032 |
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| 基金项目： | 2018年军事医学创新工程专项应用基础研究项目(18CXZ012) |
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| 摘 要： | 鉴于自杀问题本身的极端复杂性及其深远的负面影响，从元认知、强迫信念、内在狂妄以及选择人生不能4个角度尝试对自杀风险因素进行了探析，并从近端救治需关注早发现及对方痛苦被看见，远端防控应强调生命体验的重要性, 外围工作应加强对死者亲人的抚慰3个方面对自杀防控进行了探究，以期对自杀危机干预提供一些新思路。此外，倡导教育在生命意义救治方面应担负更大职责且一刻不能或缺。关注个体的心理因素，同时重视人的社会属性，综合施策、多方努力，自杀问题定会得到更好解决。
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| 关 键 词： | 自杀 元认知 强迫信念 生命意义 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-12-06 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022-03-02 |
Perceptions on Suicide from Multiple Perspectives |
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| BAO Hong-xiang, MIAO Dan-min. Perceptions on Suicide from Multiple Perspectives[J]. Medicine & Philosophy, 2022, 43(7): 41-45. doi: 10.12014/j.issn.1002-0772.2022.07.09 |
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| Authors: | BAO Hong-xiang MIAO Dan-min |
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| Affiliation: | ①. Frontier Medical Service Training Brigade, Army Medical University, Hutubi 831200, China |
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| Abstract: | Given the extreme complexity of the suicide problem and its profound negative influence, suicide risk factors were attempted to be explored from four perspectives: metacognition, obsessive belief, inner hubris and "powerlessness in the choice of life". Meanwhile, suicide prevention and control were discussed from three aspects: the proximal assistance need to focus on early detection of pain, the distal prevention of suicide should emphasize the significance of life experience, and peripheral work should pay more attention to the psychological counseling of relatives of suicide victims, in hope of providing some new ideas for suicide crisis intervention. In addition, this paper advocated that education is indispensable, it should play its greater role in enlightening people the meaning of life. Paying attention to individual psychological factors, attaching importance to people's social attributes, the problem of suicide is bound to be better solved through comprehensive measures and multi-party efforts. |
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| Keywords: | suicide metacognition obsessive belief meaning in life |
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