| 分配注意对短时记忆中知觉组织的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 包燕,王甦. 分配注意对短时记忆中知觉组织的影响[J]. 心理学报, 2000, 32(3): 258-263. DOI: |
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| 作者姓名： | 包燕 王甦 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京大学心理系!北京100871,北京大学心理系!北京100871 |
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| 基金项目： | 教育部博士点人文社会科学研究基金项目(96JBYLX007)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 以大学生为被试，采用双作业技术研究自由回忆和顺序回忆中编码和提取阶段分配注意对短时记忆知觉组织的影响。研究发现：在集中注意条件下，自由回忆和顺序回忆中分组项目表的回忆成绩均最著优于不分组项目表，表现出知觉分组效应；在编码阶段分配注意，自由回忆和顺序回忆中的知觉分组效应均消失；在提取阶段分配注意，顺序回忆中的知觉分组效应消失，而自由回忆中的此效应仍然保留，显示出自由回忆和顺序回忆的不同特点。作者设想，短时记忆的知觉组织加工既发生在编码阶段，也发生在提取阶段，而以编码阶段为主，并需要较多注意资源。
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| 关 键 词： | 短时记忆 知觉组织 集中注意 分配注意 |
| 修稿时间： | 1999-11-01 |
EFFECTS OF DIVIDED ATTENTION ON PERCEPTUAL GROUPING PROCESSES IN SHORT-TERM MEMORY |
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| Bao Yan,Wang Su. EFFECTS OF DIVIDED ATTENTION ON PERCEPTUAL GROUPING PROCESSES IN SHORT-TERM MEMORY[J]. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 2000, 32(3): 258-263. DOI: |
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| Authors: | Bao Yan Wang Su |
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| Affiliation: | Bao Yan,Wang Su;(Department of Psychology, Peking University, Beijing 100871) |
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| Abstract: | College students were tested with a dual task tecnique to examine the effects of divided attention (DA) at encoding or retrieval on perceptual grouping processes in short-term memory. The results showed that memory performance of perceptually grouoed lists were significantly better than that of ungrouped lists under full attention in both free recall and serial recall, indicating a perceptual grouping effect. DA at encoding disrupted mis effect in both free recall and serial recall, by contrast, DA at retrieval disrupted it in serial recall alone, leaving it unaffected in free recall, revealing different characteristics in free recall and serial recall. The authors assumed that perceptual grouping processes in short-term memory occurred at both encoding and retrieval phases, and the encoding phase is the primary one which demands relatively more attentional resources. |
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| Keywords: | short-term memory perceptual grouping full attention divided attention. |
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