Problems and possibilities of cross-cultural supervision

Supervision across cultural boundaries has problems and possibilities. Culture plays a role in the teaching, learning, and helping processes. In one international Swiss setting certain observations are noted: (1) The use of one's culture is described as a major defense mechanism; (2) Cultural stereotyping can become a means to avoid engagement; (3) A supposed cultural neutrality encourages cultural confusion which, like role confusion, complicates interpersonal relationships; (4) Some students are intimidated by other cultural groups and unable to recognize or deal with their feelings; (5) Body language and other nonverbal expressions play an important role in cross-cultural counseling and supervision; (6) Culture Shock in its various stages can be indicated as a major stress item and is comparable to grief and shock reactions; (7) The given piety of a culture sometimes means that cultural differences are often greater from one country to another than denominational or religious differences, even within one denominational group.He is a member of the German Society for Pastoral Psychology.