时间距离、自我差异的自动激活与价值偏好

本研究对时间距离对自我差异的自动激活假说进行了检验。研究首先启动个体不同的时间自我知觉,然后利用评价性条件反射使先前激活的自我知觉中止,以检验对价值偏好的影响。结果证实了本研究的假设,当消极情绪词语和自我词语同时启动时,先前激活的自我知觉回落到未激活前的基线水平,并使得远期时间距离所引发的可能自我差异或近期时间距离所引发的当前自我差异减弱,从而导致价值偏好不再随时间线索发生系统改变。研究最后讨论了这一发现对自我调节研究的意义。

Temporal Distance, Automatic Activation of Self-discrepancy and Value Orientation

Based on the previous work on temporal self-perception and its effect on idealism and pragmatism,the present research proposed that it was the different self-discrepancies that contributed to the divergence of the two value orientations,which was activated automatically by temporal self-perception.In particular,we assumed that when people perceive themselves from a long future distance,the current self would be co-activated with possible self in their working self-concept,and the discrepancy between the current self and possible self,in turn,would lead people to focus mainly on idealistic orientation.In contrast,current goal,as well as current self would be brought to one＇s mind together,and correspondingly,generated current self-discrepancy,which would trigger the pragmatism rather than idealism.Evaluative conditioning was employed to testify the hypothesis and the results confirmed the hypothesis.Implications of the results for study of self-regulation and future research were discussed.