论儒家思想中的"人"与"自然"之关系:兼论其21世纪之启示

本文探讨儒家思想传统中“人”与“自然”之关系。本文先从比较文化史视野,析论中国思维方式之特质在于“联系性思维方式”。本文指出,儒家思想传统以“联系性思维方式”为基础,强调“人”与“自然”之间是一种相即相融并互相渗透的关系。“自然”是“人”的创生者,“人”也是“自然”的参与者。儒家思想家主张“人”与“自然”之间具有连续性与一体性之关系。这两种关系之所以可能,其基础正在于人与宇宙万物都以生生不已的仁德为其本性。“仁”既内在于每个人的心性之中,又超越于每个个体之上,成为宇宙万物之共同质素。而儒家思想中“人”与“自然”之连续性与一体观的建立与发展,正是以人“心”之自觉为其基础。

Man and Nature in the Confucian Tradition: Some Reflections in the Twenty - first Century

This article discusses the relationship between man and nature in the Confucian tradition. In a comparative perspective, the defining character of Chinese way of thinking lies in its correlative mode of thinking" . Baptized in this Chinese tradition of "correlative" thinking, the Confucian philosophers argue that man and nature constitute a " continuum and form ' one body". Both sorts of relationship between man and nature, according to Confucianism, are based on the fact that man and myriad of things in the universe share the common attribute of benevolence. Moreover, the Confucian philosophers believe that these two kinds of relationship between man and nature are made possible by the enlightenment of mind - heart.