新冠疫情期间中小学教师工作-家庭冲突和抑郁:有调节的中介模型

本研究考察新冠疫情期间，工作-家庭冲突是否通过职业倦怠增加中小学教师抑郁水平，以及心理弹性是否调节该中介作用。1127名中小学教师参与线上调查，完成中小学教师工作-家庭冲突问卷、中小学教师职业倦怠问卷、抑郁自评量表及中学教师心理弹性量表。结果发现：(1)大多教师疫情前后工作生活情况、工作-家庭冲突与抑郁的状况变化不大，少数教师疫情期间工作生活情况、工作-家庭冲突与抑郁状况变差或好转；(2)教师工作-家庭冲突与抑郁、职业倦怠呈正相关，三者均与心理弹性负相关；(3)控制额外变量后，职业倦怠是工作-家庭冲突与抑郁间的中介变量，在疫情期间工作生活状态更好、更差以及与疫情前后没有差别的教师中均成立；(4)对于感知疫情后情况更好的教师，心理弹性调节了工作-家庭冲突与职业倦怠的关系。对于感知疫情后情况更差的教师，心理弹性调节了职业倦怠与抑郁的关系。因此，缓解工作-家庭冲突和职业倦怠、提高心理弹性可减少中小学教师抑郁，保持心理健康。

The Relationship between Work-family Conflict and Depression in Primary and Middle School Teachers during COVID-19: A Moderated Mediation Model

This study aimed to investigate whether teachers' work-family conflict would indirectly increase depression through job burnout during the COVID-19 epidemic, and whether the mediation effect was moderated by teachers' resilience.One thousand one hundred and twenty-seven primary and middle school teachers finished Primary and Middle School Teachers' Work-family Conflict Questionnaire, Primary and Secondary School Teachers' Job Burnout Questionnaire and Resiliency Scale for Secondary School Teacher. The results showed that:(1)Most of the teachers reported little change in work and life condition, work-family conflict and depression during the epidemic, and a small number of teachers reported that these situations were worse or better during the outbreak; (2)Teachers' work-family conflict was positively correlated with depression and job burnout, and all above were negatively correlated with resilience; (3)After controlling for extraneous variables, job burnout mediated the relationship between work-family conflict and depression; (4)Resilience moderated the relationship between work-family conflict and job burnout for teachers who reported better work and life condition during the outbreak. For teachers who reported worse work and life condition, resilience moderated the relationship between job burnout and depression. Therefore, alleviating work-family conflict and job burnout and improving resilience can reduce depression of primary and middle school teachers and maintain their mental health.