The biology of visual perspective and depression: A reply to Sutin |
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| Authors: | C dric Lemogne, Loretxu Bergouignan,Philippe Fossati |
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| Affiliation: | aCNRS USR 3246, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France;bParis Descartes University, Paris, France;cAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of C-L Psychiatry, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Paris, France;dPierre et Marie Curie University, Paris, France;eAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France |
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| Abstract: | A recent meta-analysis by Munafò, Durrant, Lewis, and Flint (2009) [Munafò, M. R., Durrant, C., Lewis, G., & Flint, J. (2009). Gene × environment interactions at the serotonin transporter locus. Biological Psychiatry, 65, 211–219] questioned the meaning of studies searching for endophenotypes associated with the serotonin-transporter-linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) polymorphism, including our study on visual perspective during autobiographical memory retrieval. However, the association of 3rd person perspective with vulnerability for depression does not rely only on genetics. External consistency is provided by the influence of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism on brain regions involved in emotion regulation and autobiographical memory retrieval (e.g. the medial prefrontal cortex). Internal consistency is provided by the increased prevalence of 3rd person perspective in both currently and previously depressed patients, as well as in depression-prone individuals. Further studies should examine therapeutic opportunities. |
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| Keywords: | 5-HTTLPR Autobiographical memory Depression Hippocampus Medial prefrontal cortex Precuneus Self Self-focus Visual imagery Visual perspective Vulnerability |
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