顿悟的原型启发效应机制探索

以中国传统的字谜作为实验材料,采用"多个原型字谜学习-多个目标字谜测试"两阶段实验范式,对顿悟过程的原型启发机制进行了探讨.考察了原型启发效应是否会受第一阶段学习的原型字谜的数量以及启发量大小的影响,结果发现:学习的原型字谜的数量对原型启发效应的大小没有显著影响;启发量高低对原型启发效应的大小有显著影响.这一结果支持了"原型字谜的激活是一种自动加工、原型字谜中所隐含的关键启发信息的激活是一种控制加工"的观点.

Exploring the Mechanism for Prototype Elicitation Effect in Insight

This study selected logogriph(a riddle about a Chinese Character) problem as the material and investigated the theory of the activation of prototypal matters in insight problem solving through the "X vs.X(X=3,6,9)" learning and testing experimental paradigm,and explored whether the activation of prototypal matters was effected by the increasing of the amount of learning and the elicitation index.The results showed that:(1) the activation of prototypal matters wasn't effected evidently by the increasing of the amount of learning;(2) "elicitation " was an effective index and it greatly effected the activation of prototypal matters;(3) the results supported the idea that the activation of the prototypal matters came as a result of automatic processing and the activation of heuristic information in prototypal matters maybe the result of automatic processing.