疾病的心理防御：人类如何应对病菌威胁

病菌和传染病构成的选择压力导致动物进化出了身体免疫以及行为免疫反应。而人类的大脑进化促使他们发展出了最为复杂的行为免疫系统。很早开始, 我们就依赖自身的各种行为免疫反应抵抗病菌。当这些疾病抵御机制跟群体生活协同进化之后, 我们的很多社会行为和态度都具有了减少疾病感染的功能, 它们包括对外群体成员的偏见、歧视, 以及对内群体成员的从众、服从。而更高层次的文化差异比如集体主义-个人主义, 至少部分原因是要管理与疾病感染有关的风险。本篇综述讨论了与抵御病菌威胁有关的社会行为、态度和其他心理现象。

Psychological Defense against Disease: How Humans Cope with Pathogen Threat

Pathogens and infectious diseases present strong selection pressures under which animals have over time evolved different extent of physical and behavioral immune adaptations. Owing to our unique brain evolution, humans have developed the most elaborate behavioral immune systems. From very early on, we seem to have relied on our various behavioral immune mechanisms to ward off diseases before they enter our body. When these disease defense mechanisms co-evolve with complex human group living, our social beh...