咨询期望与人格特质的相关性及对临床心理干预的启示

本研究探析了人格因素与咨询期望的相关性及对临床工作的启示.通过方便抽样选取样本348人,用心理咨询预期简表、卡特尔16项人格因子问卷进行调查.咨询期望在性别之间无差异,心理咨询中的个人承诺与聪慧性、稳定性等人格因子呈正相关;与怀疑性、忧虑性等呈负相关.对咨询师专业性的期待与乐群性、稳定性等人格因子呈正相关;与怀疑性、忧虑性等呈负相关.人格中的有恒性、聪慧性等对个人承诺有正向影响,而忧虑性、怀疑性对其有负向影响.有恒性、乐群性对专业性期待有正向影响,而忧虑性则产生负向影响.在临床心理咨询中要想达到理想效果,需要依据来访者的人格特点,评估并适时调整咨询期望.

The Relationship between the Psychological Counseling Expectation and the Personality of the Clients and the Enlightenment for the Clinical Work

This research analyzes the relationship between personality factors and consulting expectations.A survey was conducted among 348 clients in the mental health center in hospital and the psychological counseling center of university with Short Chinese Vision of Expectations about Counseling Brief Form （EAC-BCS） and Cattell 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire by cluster sampling and analyze statistically.There is no difference of expectations about counseling on gender.The commitment of expectation is positively correlated with the reasoning,emotional stability,etc,and negatively correlated with the vigilance,apprehension,etc..The consultant professional is positively correlated with the warmth,emotional stability,etc.,but negatively correlated with the vigilance,apprehension,etc..Apprehension and vigilance indicate negative influence to the commitment,and rule-conscious,reasoning and sensitivity indicate positive impact.Apprehension has negative impact to consultant professional,but rule-conscious and warmth show positive impact.So personality is an important factor that affects the stability of consulting expectations.In order to improve the consultation results.Psychologists should evaluate and adjust the consultation expectations according to the clients＇ personality traits.