大学生的认知风格与逻辑推理的关系

以大学生为被试，探讨认知风格与逻辑推理的关系。结果表明：（1）在三段论推理中，场依存型学生和场独立型学生推理成绩不存在显著差异，学过和未学过逻辑学的学生推理成绩也不存在显著差异，但男生和女生推理成绩差异显著，女生比男生更易受“气氛”的影响。（2）在命题推理中，对抽象材料构成的命题，场独立型学生和场依存型学生的推理存在显著差异，场独立型学生表现出更强的证伪倾向，场依存型学生表现出更强的换位倾向；对具体材料构成的命题，场独立型学生和场依存型学生的推理不存在显著差异。

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COLLEGE STUDENTS' COGNITIVE STYLE AND REASONING

We try to investigate the effects of cognitive style on three theories reason logically and hypothesis reasoning of college students. The results indicate: 1)there is no significant difference between field-dependent and field-independent students in reasoning performance,and there is no significant difference between the students who have learnt logic reasoning and those who have not done. But there is significant difference between male students and female students,namely,the female students are more influenced by hypothesis atmosphere. 2)In hypothesis reasoning,field-dependent and field-independent students are significantly different in reasoning towards hypothesis of abstract materials. For the field-independent students,they tend to disprove the hypothesis. For the field-dependent students,they tend to show stronger changing position tendency. Field-independent students and field-dependent students have no significant difference towards hypothesis of concrete materials.