语音意识、语素意识和快速命名在儿童言语发展中的作用

以130名幼儿园小、中、大班儿童为研究对象,通过分层回归,系统比较了语音意识、语素意识和快速命名三种认知技能在学前儿童口语词汇、汉字识别和阅读理解等言语能力发展中的作用和相对重要性,结果发现:(1)学前儿童的各项能力随着年龄的增加而显著提高;(2)除了年龄因素之外,语音意识和语素意识是解释口语词汇的重要变量;(3)在控制了年龄和口语词汇量之后,语音意识、语素意识和快速命名能力都分别对汉字识别成绩具有独立的预测作用;(4)在控制了年龄、口语词汇量、汉字识别和其他两种认知技能之后,只有语素意识仍然能够独立预测阅读理解成绩,表明语素意识对于汉语阅读能力的发展具有独特的作用.

The Roles of Phonological Awareness, Morphological Awareness,and Rapid Naming in Linguistic Skills Development of Kindergartener

130 children from first year to third year of kindergarten were tested on a battery of phonological awareness,morphological awareness,and rapid naming tasks to explore the roles of those skills in vocabulary,character recognition and reading comprehension of Chinese children.The results showed that(a) all skills of kindergarten were improved gradually with age,(b) phonological awareness and morphological awareness played central roles in children's vocabulary acquisition,(c) phonological awareness,morphological awareness,and rapid naming unique predicted character recognition respectively when children's age and vocabulary was statistically controlled,(d) morphological awareness explained unique variance in Chinese children's reading comprehension when age and all other skills were controlled.The findings support the conclusion that morphological awareness was very important for Chinese children to learning to read.