学生感知的教师欺凌态度与学生欺凌行为的关系——学生欺凌态度的中介作用及其性别的调节作用

校园欺凌严重影响青少年身心的健康发展,教师是预防和干预校园欺凌的重要力量。本研究拟在考察学生感知的教师欺凌态度与学生欺凌行为关系的基础上,探究学生欺凌态度的中介效应以及性别的调节作用。本研究采用《校园欺凌量表》、《学生欺凌态度量表》以及《学生感知的教师欺凌态度量表》对来自北京市两所初中的698名初一和初二学生进行测查。结果显示:(1)初中男生总体及不同类型的欺凌行为及其欺凌态度均显著高于女生,而女生所感知的教师欺凌严重性态度则显著高于男生;(2)学生感知的教师欺凌严重性态度显著负向预测学生欺凌行为;(3)学生欺凌态度在学生感知的教师欺凌态度和学生欺凌行为之间起部分中介作用;(4)学生欺凌态度的中介效应存在显著性别差异,男生欺凌态度为部分中介作用,而女生欺凌态度为完全中介作用。

Relationship between Student’s Perceived Teacher Bullying Attitude and Student Bullying Behavior:Mediating Effect of Student Bullying Attitude and Moderating Effect of Gender

School bullying has an extremely negative impact on student’s positive development and teacher is one of the most important elements to prevent and intervene school bullying. The present study sought to explore the relationship between student’s perceived teacher bullying attitude and student bullying behavior and the mediating effect of student bullying attitude between them, as well as the moderating effect of gender on this mediating effect. A total of 698 7^th- and 8^th- grade students from two public middle schools of Beijing were investigated with School Bullying Scale, Student’s Bullying Attitude Scale and Student’s Perceived Teacher Bullying Attitude Questionnaire. The results found that: (1) Male students showed more bullying behaviors in general and of different types than their female classmates and they also hold more positive attitude towards bullying, while the teacher seriousness attitude towards bullying perceived by female students was significantly higher than that perceived by male students; (2) Student’s perceived teacher seriousness attitude towards bullying significantly predicted student bullying behavior negatively; (3) The effect of student’s perceived teacher bullying attitude on student bullying behavior can be partially mediated by student bullying attitude; (4) There was an significant gender difference of this mediating effect of student bullying attitude. Specifically, males partially while females fully mediated the effect of teacher bullying attitude on student bullying behavior by their bullying attitude.