道德困境决策中的忽略偏差:现象与测量

道德困境决策中的忽略偏差效应是指在道德困境中,当作为和不作为都会造成消极结果的情况下,个体认为作为导致的消极结果比不作为导致的消极结果更不道德,从而使人们在道德决策时更倾向于不作为的现象。由于传统道德决策研究范式存在义务论决策倾向性和一般性不作为反应倾向相混淆的局限,道德困境决策中的忽略偏差效应尚未做进一步探索。本文梳理了道德困境决策中忽略偏差效应的表现,通过CNI模型提出甄别和测量道德困境决策中忽略偏差效应的策略:创设研究情景; 分离不作为倾向性和忽略偏差效应; 综合探索忽略偏差效应的群体和个体特征。针对CNI模型的局限性,结合CAN算法和漂移扩散模型对未来的研究方向进行了展望。

The Omission Bias in Moral Dilemma Decision-making:Phenomena and Measurement

The omission bias effect in moral dilemma decision-making refers to the phenomenon that when both action and inaction cause negative results,individuals think that the negative results caused by action are more immoral than those caused by inaction,thus making people more inclined to inaction in moral decision-making.However,due to the limitation that the traditional moral decision-making research paradigm has the confusion of deontological decision-making tendency and general inaction reaction tendency,the omission bias effect in moral dilemma decision-making has not been further explored.Thispaper sorted out the performance of omission bias effect in moral dilemma decision-making.Through the CNI model,we propose strategies to identify and measure the omission bias effect in moral dilemma decision-making:creating research scenarios; separating the tendency of inaction and omission bias effect; comprehensive exploration of group and individual characteristics that omission bias effect.In view of the limitations of the CNI model,we combine CAN algorithm and drift diffusion models to forecast the future research direction.