关系认知与善意认知对大学生人际信任的影响

采用投资博弈，以大学生为被试探讨关系认知（亲疏关系、阶层关系）和特质认知（以善意为例）对中国人人际信任的影响。结果发现，亲疏关系认知、阶层关系认知和善意认知都会影响中国人的人际信任。关系越近、阶层越高、越善意，信任水平越高。随着亲疏关系下降或善意降低，阶层关系对信任水平的作用之间的差异逐步减弱。亲疏关系认知和阶层关系认知存在交互作用，亲疏、阶层和善意也具有交互作用。人们对上位阶层的信任大于平位大于下位，但是当信任对象存在低善意特质或陌生人身份时，人们对上位阶层的信任会下降至和平位没有差异；当低善意特质和陌生人身份同时存在时，人们对上位、平位和下位的信任无差异。

Effects of Trait Cognition and Social Relationship on Chinese Interpersonal Trust: The Role of Social Class

Interpersonal trust can be influenced by trait cognition and social relationships. Despite having a close-distant relationship, social class is an important property of social relationships. In this study, we examined the way in which trait cognition (benevolence), close-distant relationship and social class impact the trust of Chinese in an investment game. The results demonstrated that all three factors can influence the tendency of Chinese interpersonal trust and there was a significant interaction among them. Both close-distant relationship and social class have the greatest impact on trustworthiness. Additionally the results demonstrated that close relationships, higher social class and higher level of benevolence lead to higher levels of trust. Moreover, the effect of social class on the level of trust decreased with the decreasing of the degree of close-distant relationships (the level of benevolence). Our findings suggest that social relationships influence the level of Chinese interpersonal trust through the effect of trait cognition.