有无二胎与父母教养能力感的关系:头胎子女亲子依恋的调节作用

研究选取650名中小学生为研究对象，采用父母教养能力感量表和亲子依恋安全性问卷，考察了有无二胎与父母教养能力感的关系，并探讨了头胎子女的父子依恋和母子依恋在有无二胎与父母教养能力感关系中的调节作用。研究发现：（1）二胎家庭中父母的教养能力感高于独生子女父母的教养能力感；（2）头胎子女的母子依恋能够调节有无二胎与父母教养能力感的关系：对于高母子依恋组的被试而言，有无二胎无法预测父母教养能力感，而对于低母子依恋组的被试来说，有无二胎能显著正向预测父母教养能力感。而父子依恋的调节作用不显著。结果表明，对高母子依恋群体而言，有无二胎不影响父母教养能力感，而对于低母子依恋群体来说，家庭中有二胎会促进父母教养能力感的发展。

The Relation between Having or Not Having the Second Child and the Parenting Sense of Competence: The Moderating Effect of Parental Attachment in the First Child

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between having or not having the second child and the parenting sense of competence. We also investigated the moderating effect of parental attachment in the first child to the above relation. We selected 650 primary and middle school students as samples and used the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale and parent-child attachment security questionnaire. Students were asked to report their parent-child attachment on Kerns Security Scale-C. Parents were asked to report parenting sense of competence on Parenting Sense of Competence Scale. The study found that: (1) The parenting sense of competence of parents in the two-child family is higher than that of the parents of the single child family;(2) The mother-child attachment of the first child can moderate the relation between having or not having second child and the parenting sense of competence: For the group that scores high in the mother-child attachment on Kerns Security Scale-C, having or not having second child could not predict the parenting sense of competence difference. For the group that scores low in the mother-child attachment on Kerns Security Scale-C, having or not having second child significantly affects the parenting sense of competence;(3) The moderating effect of father-son attachment is insignificant.