三维图形的客体和空间工作记忆存储时程研究

研究采用单探测变化检测范式,探讨了三维图形在视觉客体和空间工作记忆中的存储时程。实验一的三维图形由不同颜色、形状组成,实验二的图形由不同颜色、图案组成。两个实验的结果均发现:被试的正确率随刺激间隔时间的延长而显著下降; 空间工作记忆任务的正确率显著高于客体工作记忆任务。研究结果表明,视觉刺激消失后,不论是客体信息还是空间信息,均随间隔时间的延长而逐渐衰退,且客体信息衰退的速度比空间信息快。总体来看,三维图形的客体和空间信息在视觉工作记忆满负荷条件下能保持大约3～5秒的时间。

The Maintaining Time Course of 3-D Graphs in Object and Spatial Visual Working Memory

Using single change-detection paradigm,the research investigated the storing time of visual object and spatial working memory for the three dimensional graphs.The materials in experiment 1 consisted of different colors and shapes,and those in experiment 2 consisted of different colors and patterns.The results of two experiments both showed:The accuracy of subjects declined significantly with the extension of inter-stimuli interval; the accuracy of spatial working memory task was significantly higher than that of object working memory task.The results indicated that,both the object information and spatial information decayed gradually with the extension of interval time when visual stimulus disappeared,and the speed of the object information recession faster than spatial information.Overall,under the condition that visual working memory was at full capacity,the object and spatial information of three dimensional graphs can maintain about 3-5 seconds.