四种注意情境下幼儿自我延迟满足的实验研究

将120名中等自控能力的3～5岁幼儿随机分配到四种注意情境下:两种奖励物同时呈现、只呈现即时奖励物、只呈现延迟奖励物、两种奖励物都不呈现,以探索幼儿自我延迟满足的注意机制及发展特点。结果发现:(1)幼儿自我延迟满足在两种奖励物都不呈现情境下平均延迟时间最长,在呈现奖励物的三种情境下平均延迟时间较短,表现出跨年龄稳定性;(2)3～5岁幼儿自我延迟满足发展存在显著年龄差异,表现出随年龄增长而提高的趋势。

A Research on 3 to 5 Yearold Children's Self-imposed Delay of Gratification A under Four Attention Conditions

In order to explore the attention mechanism and the development of self-imposed delay of gratification, 120 children aged 3 to 5 with median self-control ability were distributed over 4 attention conditions,both delayed and immediate rewards present simultaneously,only immediate reward present,only delayed reward present,and no rewards present.The results suggest that the mean delay time of young children's self-imposed delay of gratification was the longest under the no rewards present condition,and the mean delay time were shorter under the other three rewards present conditions.This phenomenon shows the crossage stability.In addition,the results also suggest that the development self-imposed delay of gratification has significant difference among 3 to 5 years old children,and it shows the developmental tendency with age increasing.