大学生幽默风格与精神健康关系的初步研究

目的:测试幽默风格量表在中国大学生中的信度和效度,探讨幽默风格与精神健康之间的关系。方法:354名大学生接受幽默风格量表和症状自评量表(SCL-90)的问卷调查,4周后74名大学生重新填写幽默风格量表。结果:幽默风格量表所提出的4个因子结构在中国人的样本中也存在,该量表的信度和效度可接受。中国被试在4个子量表的得分均低于加拿大被试的得分。亲和型幽默、自强型幽默得分与症状自评量表的子量表以及总体症状指数得分全部呈现负相关,而嘲讽型幽默和自贬型幽默得分与症状自评量表的子量表以及总体症状指数得分全部呈现正相关。结论:(1)该量表的初步测试效度和信度可接受,但须结合中国文化作进一步的修订;(2)亲和型和自强型幽默有益于精神健康,但嘲讽型和自贬型幽默有害于精神健康;(3)中国人与加拿大人在幽默风格、幽默对精神健康起作用的方式上存在一定的文化差异。

Humor Styles and Mental Health among Chinese University Students

This study examined the structure and correlations of the Humor Styles Questionnaire (HSQ) and the relationship of humor styles with mental health in the Chinese context.A Chinese translation of the HSQ and the Self-Reported Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90) were administered to 354 Chinese university students.Four factors were found in the HSQ,as in the original Canadian samples: Affiliative,Self-enhancing,Aggressive,and Self-defeating humor.The reliabilities of the four HSQ subscales and SCL-90 subscales were generally acceptable.Chinese participants,as compared to Canadian norms,obtained significantly lower scores in the four HSQ subscales.Affiliative humor and self-enhancing humor were negatively correlated,while agressive humor and self-defeating humor were positively correlated with the subscales and the general symptomatic index of the SCL-90.Overall,the findings supported the theoretical structure and usefulness of the HSQ in the Chinese context.