三维图形的视空间工作记忆容量研究

采用三维几何图形为材料,通过单探测变化觉察范式来测定视觉工作记忆的存储容量,并比较客体工作记忆和空间工作记忆容量的差异。实验1、2的材料分别为由颜色和形状两个基本特征组成的三维图形和由一个基本特征和一个细节特征组成的三维图形。两个实验结果显示,被试能在视觉工作记忆中存储约2-3个客体和4个空间位置,空间工作记忆容量显著大于客体工作记忆容量。进一步的比较发现,被试对由两个基本特征组成的三维图形的存储容量大于由一个基本特征和一个细节特征组成的三维图形。这表明,组成三维图形的特征类型对视空间工作记忆的存储容量有显著影响。

The Research on the Capacity of Visual-spatial Working Memory of 3-D Graphs

Using 3-D graphs as materials,this study calculated the capacity of visual-spatial working memory through single probe change detection paradigm,and compared the difference between the capacity of object working memory and spatial working memory.The materials of Experiment 1 are 3-D graphs with two features of color and shape,and those in Experiment 2 were defined by different colors and textures.The results of two experiments showed the participants could store about two to three objects and four spatial locations,and the capacity of spatial working memory was significantly greater than object working memory capacity.After further comparative analysis,we found the storage capacity of 3-D graphs with two basic features was higher than that of 3-D graphs with one basic feature and a detail feature.It indicated the types of features that composed 3-D graphs had a great influence on the capacity of visual-spatial working memory.