P3b反映基于相似性的图形类别归纳决策过程(309)

先前关于归纳推理的研究没有探讨过图形类别归纳任务中决策过程的事件相关电位(ERPs)特征。该研究采用图形材料,通过记录和分析图形类别归纳推理任务的结论评估阶段的脑电信号,探讨了不同类别条件下图形归纳推理决策过程的ERP特征。实验结果显示,推理决策过程中,当前提为一些狗具有某种属性特征时,结论一致类别(狗类及马类)比结论不一致类别下(椅子类)的归纳推理诱发了更大的P3b的波幅; 而结论一致类别下,类别内(狗类)比类别外(马类)推理诱发更大的后部脑区的P3b的波幅,反映了相似性对类别归纳的贡献。该研究为理解类别归纳过程的决策阶段的动态加工过程提供了神经电生理学证据。研究结果进一步支持了类别归纳的相似性理论模型。

P3b Related to Similarity-based Figural Categorical Induction

Previous event-related potential(ERP)studies did not yet focus on the decision processes during the figural category-based induction.The present study measured ERP responses to inductive decision during classic figural category-based induction,by comparing dogs,horses and chairs.The results showed that the inductive decision of inferences from dogs to other dogs and inferences from dogs to horses elicited greater P3b amplitudes than did that of inferences from dogs to chairs,and the inductive decision of inferences from dogs to other dogs elicited greater P3b amplitudes than did that of inferences from dogs to horses.These results suggested that similarity and/or the satisfactions of expectation drive the figural category-based induction,shown by P3b amplitudes.Moreover,these results provided further evidence to support the models of the similarity-based induction.