生物反馈放松训练和表象训练在飞行训练中的应用研究

本研究试用生物反馈放松训练和表象训练相结合方法，减轻飞行学员的精神紧张及有关的生理反应、２６名２０—２２岁的男性飞行学员，实验、对照组各１３名、实验组学员每次飞行后进行一次肌电生物反馈放松训练和起落航线表象训练，共１６次；对照组学员参加日常飞行训练不加任何干预。实验前后实验组及对照组学员进行黑红数字测试，记录其测试前后的血压、心率；第一次升空及单飞考核飞行后也记录他们的血压和心率。结果表明，实验组学员的单飞考核成绩优于对照组；实验织学员单飞考核后的收缩压及第二次黑红数字测试后的收缩压比实验前显著降低；而对照组的前述生理指标无变化。生物反馈放松训练和表象训练能有效地减轻飞行中的紧张情绪及其生理反应，适于在飞行部队应用。

THE APPLICATION OF BIO-FEEDBACK RELAXATION AND IMAGERY EXERCISES IN FLIGHT TRAINING

Anxiety is the foe to the success of student pilots. As a treatment, our program of bio-feedbackrelaxation and imagery exercises was carried outand evaluated as follows. 26 male student pilotsaged 20 to 22 were divided into an experimentalgroup and a control group. The experimental groupunderwent EMG bio feedback relaxation and imagery training, aided by audiotape, after eachflight, 30 minutes a session, 16 sessions altogether. The imagery training is to recollect the wholecourse of flying, to imagine the circumstances anddetails. The subjects were asked to undergo autorelaxation exercises on every non-flying day. Thecontrol group was left to usual flight training. before and after the course or training, a visualsearching task under and imminent danger was performed and the time to complete the task recorded.Blood pressure (b. p. ),heart rate and dermometrywere recorded before and after the task and the twokey flights--introduction 'flight and solo flight examination. Student pilots in the experimental grouphad much better scores of flying and visual searching and no groudings due to anxiety. Systolic b. p.and dermometric readings were significantly betterthan those of the control group, in which therewere 3 groudings due to anxiety. The bio-feedbackrelaxation and imagery exercises program is effective and applicable to the air force units.