"先天"概念的源始意义的澄清--现象学的一个重要发现

与康德认为只有表现在意识行为中的“形式范畴”才具有先天性不同,胡塞尔认为不论是形式范畴还是质料范畴都具有先天性;先天与后天的区别,表示的正是一般对象与个体对象在本体论上的区别。这意味着在胡塞尔那里,“先天’’不再是“行为的名称”．而是“存在的名称”。海德格尔在充分肯定胡塞尔的这个思想的理论价值的同时,又对它做了“实质性的修正”,把先天与后天的区别最终归结为存在与存在者的“本体论区别”。

The Clarification of the Original Sense of A priori

Opposed to Kant's view that only form-categories can be regarded as a priori, Husserl thinks that both form-category and matter-category are a priori and the difference between a priori and a posteriori signifies just the ontological difference between the universal and the individual. This means that a priori for Husserl is no longer "a title for comportment" but "a title for Being". At the same time of speaking highly of Husserl's above-mentioned theory, Heidegger has also revised it essentially. As a result, for Heidegger, the difference between a priori and a posteriori became the "ontological difference" between Being and beings.