感知的和实际的友伴吸烟行为对青少年吸烟行为的影响

选取北京市一所普通中学和一所重点中学初一至高三的学生为被试,采取自由参与研究和被试自我报告、被试报告友伴、友伴自我报告吸烟行为的方式,从认知发展理论的角度出发,探讨感知的与实际的友伴吸烟行为对青少年吸烟行为的影响。结果验证了认知发展理论,即感知的友伴吸烟行为对青少年吸烟行为具有明显的影响作用,而实际的友伴吸烟行为没有明显的影响作用。研究还发现,性别和友伴关系类型对感知的与实际的友伴吸烟行为之间的差异存在明显的主效应;友伴自我报告的吸烟行为超过被试自我报告的吸烟行为。讨论揭示了研究结果对预防和干预青少年吸烟行为的意义。

The Effects of Percieved and Actual Friends' Use of Cigarette on Adolescents' Use of Cigarette

To explore the relative effects of perceived &actual friends'smoking behavior on adolescents'smoking behavior,1091 students who were selected from one ordinary middle school and one key middle school in Beijing city were asked to report their own and their friends'smoking behavior,and nominate up to their ten friends.5667 nominated friends were from our sample.Their self-reported smoking behavior were taken as actual friends'smoking behavior.The results show:perceived friends'smoking behavior has significant effects on adolescents'smoking behavior,but the effect of actual friends'smoking behavior is non-significant;Gender and style of friendship have main effects on the difference between perceived and actual friends'smoking behavior;Actual friends'smoking behavior are more than adolescents'smoking behavior.