视觉搜索中注意模板促进搜索的内在机制

生物的视觉搜索能力对适应外部复杂环境具有非常重要的生存意义。注意模板可以在搜索任务的过程中增强相关信息和抑制无关信息, 从而快速找到目标。总结近期研究结果主要有以下发现：在建立注意模板的过程中并不能明确是基于语义信息还是视觉特征信息; 注意模板不仅可以存储在工作记忆中, 也可以存储在长时记忆中; 不同类型注意模板的神经机制存在差异。未来的研究应关注注意模板在建立过程中内部信息如何传递, 并关注不同人群注意模板的神经机制, 以及解决拒绝模板抑制机制的理论争议。

The internal mechanisms of attentional templates in facilitating visual search

Attentional templates can facilitate the target search process by enhancing relevant information and suppressing irrelevant information during the search task. According to the results of recent studies on the internal mechanism of attentional templates, the main findings are summarized in terms of the information relied on in the establishment of attentional templates (establishment process), the relationship between attentional templates and memory (stored process), and the mechanism of attentional templates promoting search (function mechanism).