Parents' education and mean change in intelligence

Bergman, L. R. Parents' education and mean change in intelligence. Scand. J. Psychol., 1973, 14, 273–281.-For 815 Swedish school children aged 9 in 1965, mean changes between 9 and 12 years are studied for Verbal Comprehension, Inductive ability, Spatial ability, and General Intelligence. Controlling for the initial values, children coming from educated homes tend to obtain larger positive changes than children coming from less educated homes. These differences are largest for boys, and in Verbal Comprehension. A comparison with other Swedish samples suggests that the present sample may be reasonably representative of many Swedish urban populations with regard to the problem under study.