溃疡性结肠炎的诊断标准与诊断思维

溃疡性结肠炎的诊断条件包括临床表现、结肠镜改变、钡灌肠与肠黏膜组织学等，诊断标准应根据上述条件的不同组合分为疑诊与确诊，结肠镜与黏膜活检最为重要。强调在排除诊断基础上正确应用诊断标准。诊断成立后，应全面评估病情，特别是病变范围、严重度与活动性，以便合理地临床决策与预后判断，提高诊断水平。

Darwin's snare:the location of altruistic acts

Excluding instinct out of the overall process of biological evolution and adhere to egoism is the sole instinct of creatures,which has made Darwin and his followers and supporters acquire the consistency of inherent logic in theory,at the same time,they face external challenge and impact from altruistic behaviors which widely existed in nature and human society.From the evolvability of instinct point of view,the altruistic acts is also one of t creatures,the thought that is based on the dual instincts of al...