认知判断中手部动作模拟的fMRI研究

该研究采用功能磁共振成像技术,考察不同条件下进行工具认知判断时手部姿势对认知判断的影响及动作模拟的神经机制。实验发现：手部姿势存在显著的主效应,冲突手部姿势条件下反应时最慢,且冲突手部姿势条件下与不冲突手部姿势条件下、自然状态条件下反应时存在显著差异,自然状态条件与不冲突手部姿势条件下反应时不存在显著差异。另外,f MRI成像结果发现,额中回、额下回、顶下小叶以及辅助运动区在自然状态下有显著激活,表明个体在进行认知判断过程中有动作模拟过程;海马结构、扣带回及楔前叶等与记忆有关的脑区有显著激活,表明身体经验在认知过程的作用。总的研究表明,不同的手部姿势状态对认知判断有不同影响,冲突手部姿势会对动作模拟产生干扰作用,手部动作模拟的神经机制主要涉及镜像神经元区,且在认知判断时存在具身效应。

A fMRI Study of Motor Simulation on Cognitive Judgment

By applying the functional magnetic resonance imaging（fMRI） techinques, we explored the effects of motor simulation on cog- nitive judgment and its neuromechanism while performing cognitive tasks. Participants made laterality judgments on pictures of daily graspable tools under different hand conditions：with nothing in hand, grasping ball with left hand and grasping ball with fight hand. Be- havioral results revealed that there was a main effect for hands postures：the RTs under incompatible hand condition were the slowest compared with natural and compatible hand condition. There was no significant difference on RTs between natural and incompatible hand condition. Imaging results suggested that there were significant activations in the middle frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule and supplementary motor area under natural hand condition, which suggested that there existed a motor simulation process when participants performed the cognitive judgments. Besides, significant activations of memory related regions such as hippocampus, precuneus and cingnlate gyrus suggested the effects of body experience on cognitive process. In general, our results showed that the neuromechanism of motor simulation mainly involved the mirror neuron system. There existed an embodied effect during cognitive judgments.