男性理想体型变化及其影响因素

现代男性对自身体型的关注程度日益升高,理想体型也发生变化,从单一的肌肉发达体型发展为低体脂高肌肉的双维度体型。影响男性理想体型的因素主要分为两类:生物因素和社会文化因素。生物因素方面,不同性别、年龄和性取向的群体拥有不同的男性理想体型;社会文化方面,社会文化通过家庭、同伴和媒体三个渠道向理想体型施加影响。未来的研究应该进一步通过实验确立体脂与肌肉双维度的男性理想体型,并结合纵向研究验证生物及社会文化因素的影响,完善男性理想体型的理论系统,为政府制定身体意象相关的干预措施和政策提供详实有力的理论依据。

Changes and influential factors of male body ideal

There is a growing concern for men's body shape,and male body ideal has changed accordingly.Researches indicated that with the influence of biological and sociocultural factors,male body ideal changed from muscular to lean and muscular.Biological factor related research demonstrated that groups of different gender,age and sex orientation own different male body ideals;while research based on the sociocultural theory of body image development posited that family,peer and media are transmitters of sociocultural pressure on conforming to male body ideals.Future work should endeavor to establish a body fat and muscularity dual way model of male body ideal by using a longitudinal study to validate the influence of biological and sociocultural factors,consummating theory system of male body ideal,and these could help providing a cogent theoretical basis to formulate the body image related interventions and policies.