列斐伏尔日常生活批判概念的前后转变

作为西方马克思主义的创始人之一,列斐伏尔的核心贡献在于他首次提出了日常生活批判这个概念,但前后期有明显区别。本文概括了这种前后观点的转变。总体来说,他早期对日常生活主要采取了一种相对比较哲学化的与乐观化的立场：认为被异化的日常生活世界既包括着被压迫的因素,也包括着解放的因素;日常生活是各种社会活动与社会制度结构的最深层次连接处,是一切文化现象的共同基础,也是导致总体性革命的策源地。而他后期则对日常生活理解得更加微观(即社会学化),也相对悲观了一些：认为在发达资本主义社会,现代日常生活被全面地组织到纳入到生产与消费的总体环节中去。现代社会成了一个“消费被引导的官僚社会”,而不是一个可供人们自由选择的休闲社会、丰裕社会。

On the Transformation of Lefebver's Concept of Ordinary-life Critique

As one of the founders of western Marxism, Henri Lefebvre's most significant contribution was his original use of the critical conception of everyday life. There was an obvious change in his thought from his earlier period to his later period, and the essay tried to sum it up. In his earlier period, he took up a philosophical and optimistic position. He believed that the estranged everyday life comprised emancipatory elements as well as compelled elements. And he thought it the most fundamental juncture between various kinds of social activities and the society's institutional structure, the common basic of all cultural phenomena, and also the origin of total revolution. Otherwise in his later period, he had a microcosmic (sociological) and rather pessimistic view. He realized modern everyday life had been completely under the control of the gross moment of production and consumption, and modern society had become a " Bureaucratic Society of Controlled Consumption", rather than a leisure and affluent society in which people could make their own choices.