人的全面发展学说与中国马克思主义

人的全面发展学说，对中国马克思主义理论来说，主要涉及三方面问题。首先，如何认识人道主义和马克思主义的关系，即两者是对立的还是相容的，不同的看法，意味着人的全面发展是否具有马克思主义基本原理的地位。其次，如何认识自我的社会本质和具体存在的关系，以往是注重社会本质而忽略具体存在，突出表现在把人的本质归结为阶级性，由此人的全面发展失去了理论的立足点。再次，如何认识个人发展和社会发展的关系，过去把集体主义和个人主义的对立绝对化，出现了类似空想社会主义的片面性，即只强调个人是服务于集体的工具，不能将个人发展和社会发展看作是互为目的和手段。中国近20多年来，两次讨论人的全面发展问题，对此前的失误有所克服。

Theory of the All - round Development of the Individual and Chinese Marxism

In the course of Chinese Marxism, the theory of the all - round development of the individual is closely involved with three questions: First, how do we understand the relation between Humani-tarianism and Marxism; Second, how do we understand the relation between the social essence of self and concrete being of self; Third, how do we understand the relation between the development of individual and the development of society . In the last more twenty years, some one - sidedness is eliminated by discussing the question of the all - round development of the individual .