Infant sleep-wake behaviors at two weeks,three and six months |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal;2. University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, USA;1. Children''s Hospital of Philadelphia, Saint Joseph''s University, USA;2. Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc., USA;3. The School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel;1. Touch Research Institute, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, United States;2. Fielding Graduate University, United States;3. The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Saint Joseph’s University, United States;1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK;2. Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil;3. MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions, Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa;4. Post-Graduate Program in Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil;5. Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;1. Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy;2. Sleep Research Centre, Department of Neurology, I.C., Oasi Institute (IRCCS), Troina, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Although infant sleep-wake behavior presents several developmental changes during the first six months, literature lacks on reference values and few studies have explored the role of individual change and stability on infant sleep-wake behavior during the first six months. This study aimed (1) to describe infant sleep-wake behaviors during the 24-h period, day and night, at two weeks, three, and six months, (2) and to explore developmental changes and the role of individual change and stability on infant sleep-wake behaviors from two weeks to six months. Ninety-four primiparous mothers completed measures on infant sleep-wake behaviors at two weeks, three and six months. Significant developmental changes were found on infant sleep-wake behaviors from two weeks to six months. Two-week-old infants sleep 13.3 h, spend 8.7 h awake, awake 6.1 times, have 0.4 h of latency to sleep, and 3.2 h of longest sleep period. Three-month-old infants sleep 13.0 h, spend 9.2 h awake, awake 5.5 times, have 0.4 h of latency to sleep, and 5.2 h of longest sleep period. Six-month-old infants sleep 12.2 h, spend 10.0 h awake, awake 5.2 times, have 0.4 h of latency to sleep, and 5.6 h of longest sleep period. Significant individual change and stability were also found on infant sleep-wake behaviors from two weeks to six months. Despite significant developmental and individual changes, individual stability explains a significant amount of the variance on infant sleep-wake behaviors over the first six months of life. |
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| Keywords: | Infant sleep-wake behaviors Infant sleep-wake development Infant individual change Infant individual stability |
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