The role of cognitive factors in body-size perception and recall-size estimation in normal-weight women |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Human Perception, Cognition and Action, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany;2. Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck University of London, England, United Kingdom;3. Philosophy of Neuroscience, Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Germany;4. Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea;1. Department of Engineering & Consulting, Alperia Plc, Via Ressel 2, 39100, Bolzano, Italy;2. Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, via Mesiano 77, 38123 Trento, Italy;3. Group Aquatic Ecology, KWO, Grimselstrasse 19, 3862 Innertkirchen, Switzerland;4. Free Biologist, via Brennero, 28, 39100 Bolzano, Italy;5. Free University of Bolzano, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitätsplatz 5 - piazza Università, 539100 Bozen-Bolzano, Italy;1. Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 HR Nijmegen, The Netherlands;2. Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands;3. Wales Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynned LL57 2AS, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveBased on the hypothesis that remembered body size differs from perceived body size, the objectives of this study were to assess the difference between body-size perception and recall size and to investigate the neuropsychological correlates of body-size estimation.MethodNinety-one normal-weight women were randomized into three body-size estimation conditions: photo-size estimation, mirror-size estimation and recall-size estimation without a photo or mirror. All participants first estimated the size of a neutral object, then adjusted distorted images of themselves according to experimental conditions. Finally, the participants completed the Trail Making Test (TMT) as a neuropsychological measure.ResultsBody-size estimations were influenced by the experimental condition in opposite directions for body-size perception and recall-size estimation. Participants who overestimated their body size took longer to complete the TMT-B, a measure of cognitive flexibility.ConclusionBody perception and body memory are clearly separable components of body image. An individual's amount of mental flexibility appears to be associated with body-size distortions, particularly body-size overestimations. Further research is needed on the nature of potential causal mechanisms for this phenomenon, including the use of relevant tests to explore cognitive flexibility and the effects of potentially confounding variables. |
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