A multinomial modeling approach to dissociate different components of the truth effect |
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| Authors: | Unkelbach Christian Stahl Christoph |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Center for Brain and Cognition (CBC), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Spain;2. ICREA, Barcelona, Spain;3. Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), Donostia, Spain;1. Department of Psychology, Claremont Graduate University, 150 E. 10th St., Claremont, CA 91711, USA;2. School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Kelburn Parade, PO Box 600, Wellington 6012, New Zealand |
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| Abstract: | The subjective impression that statements are true increases when statements are presented repeatedly. There are two sources for this truth effect: An increase in validity based on recollection (a controlled process) and increase in processing fluency due to repeated exposure (an automatic process). Using multinomial processing trees (MPT), we present a comprehensive model of the truth effect. Furthermore, we show that whilst the increase in processing fluency is indeed automatic, the interpretation and use of that experience is not. Experiment 1 demonstrates the standard use of the fluency experience and Experiment 2 demonstrates that people can change the interpretation of the experience according to its ecological validity. By implication, the truth effect represents the adaptive usage of feedback received from internal processes. |
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