儿童的几何图形预期表象

将儿童几何图形预期表象分为两种水平，即再认水平的预期表象和生成水平的预期表象。采用“平移”、“对称”、“重叠”三种平面几何图形的预期表象作业和“展开”、“旋转”、“截面”三种立体几何图形的预期表象作业考察了3至12岁儿童几何图形预期表象的发生和发展。结果表明：儿童再认预期表象的发生早于生成预期表象的发生；儿童预期表象的发生和发展明显受几何图形类型和作业类型的制约

Children's Anticipatory Image on Geometric Figure

In this paper,the authors divided children's anticipatory image on geometric figure into two levels: recognitive(anticipatory) image and productive anticipatory image.There were three kinds of plan geometric figure and three kinds of solid geometric figure about anticipatory image works adopted in this paper. The former involved moving one straight line parallel,symmetry figures and overlapping figures,and the latter involved developing the surfaces of solid geometric figure,rotating a plane figure 360 degrees in space and cutting solid geometric figures.300 children from 3 to 12 years old were tested.The results showed:(1)The emergence of children's recognitive anticipatory images on geometric figure emerged from 4 to 5 years old three years earlier than the productive anticipatory images emerged from 7 to 8 years old;((2)Children's) anticipatory images on plan geometric figure tasks emerged earlier than solid geometric figure tasks;((3)Children's) anticipatory images on simple tasks emerged earlier than complex tasks.