语素意识、语音意识和快速命名在学前儿童言语能力发展中的预测作用:来自追踪研究的证据*

为探讨语素意识、语音意识和快速命名三种认知技能对汉语儿童口语词汇、汉字识别和阅读理解等言语能力发展的预测作用，本研究对74名学前儿童进行了一年半的追踪测查，结果发现:(1) 学前儿童的各项认知技能和言语能力随时间均有显著提高;(2)在控制了因变量的自回归效应和其他两种认知技能后，语音意识对一年半后的口语词汇成绩仍有独特的解释作用，快速命名能预测一年半后的汉字识别成绩，而语素意识是解释一年半后儿童汉字识别和阅读理解能力发展的重要变量。

The Roles of Morphological Awareness,Phonological Awareness and Rapid Naming in Linguistic Skills Development of Chinese Kindergartener: Evidence from A Longitudinal Study

To explore the roles of morphological awareness, phonological awareness and rapid naming in the development of oral vocabulary, character recognition and reading comprehension, 74 kindergarteners were tested twice over one and half years interval. The results show that 1) all cognitive skills and linguistic skills of kindergarten were improved with time, 2) with autoregression effect of linguistic skills and the effects of other two cognitive skills controlled, phonological awareness uniquely predicted the later vocabulary, rapid naming uniquely predicted the later character recognition, and morphological awareness explained uniquely variance in later character recognition and later reading comprehension.