中国心理健康服务从业者的职业压力现状及影响因素

本研究目的是考察心理健康从业者的压力现状及其影响因素。769名来自全国20个省份的心理健康从业者填写了研究者自编的有93个多项选择题和填空题的问卷,其中2个从本问卷中抽取的5点量表具有可接受的心理测量学指标。主因素分析表明,心理健康从业者的职业压力可分为三类:专业能力不足、缺乏单位支持、工作负担过重。回归分析表明:影响职业压力的非专业因素有:年龄,性别,教育水平,全职或兼职,场所是否专用,以及每周咨询的小时数。在专业因素中,督导和培训能显著地缓解心理健康从业者的职业压力。治疗中的困难情况会显著地引发心理健康从业者的职业压力。

Occupational Stress and Its Influencing Factors Among Chinese Mental Health Practitioners

The objective of the present study was to investigate the occupational stress of mental health practitioners and the affecting factors.769 mental health practitioners completed a questionnaire that consisted of 93 multiple choice questions.Among them two scales with like format were related to occupational stress,and had acceptable psychometric properties.Factor analysis indicated that the occupational stress of mental health practitioners could be divided into three categories: professional insufficiency,lack of support from one's organization,and work overload.Regression analysis indicated that the non-professional factor affecting occupational stress included age,gender,education,full-time/part-time status,whether the workplace is for exclusive use,and hours spent on mental health service per week.Among the professional factors,supervision and training significantly alleviated stress,whereas difficulty in interacting with clients gives rise to higher occupational stress of mental health practitioners.