Divorce in the kibbutz: Past and present

In the kibbutz today, there are no ideological or economic barriers to prevent a couple from deciding to divorce. Both husband and wife are assured continued economic security and equal opportunities for co-parenting, thus reducing fears of disruption in the daily contact with the children. In spite of these favorable circumstances, marital breakups in the kibbutz are less frequent than in the larger cities in Israel. In recent years, however, at a time when a stronger and more intensive family life has gained legitimacy within the kibbutz structure, there is a marked tendency toward a rise in the rate of divorce. In this article we analyze the possible causes of the variations in the frequency of divorce within the kibbutz framework.The authors express appreciation to Esther Mivtzari, a psychologist on the staff of the Kibbutz Child and Family Clinic and a member of the religious kibbutz Ein-Tzurim, for assistance in gathering data on divorce in the religious kibbitzum.     

Paranoid disorders: The core of truth behind the delusional system

This is the first paper of a series of articles reporting the findings, life course, and psychiatric outcomes of a group of 34 families in which at least one member of the family developed a delusional system. In this study the author discusses chiefly several issues regarding the genesis, ways of reinforcement, and perpetuation of the delusional ideation which, despite their great contributory importance to the success of treatment of the paranoid patient, seem neglected in the professional literature. The author draws attention to two basic findings that appeared consistently in the study group of 34 paranoid patients: (1) there is always a basis of truth and reality behind every delusional system; and (2) authentic past and current interpersonal transactions play a dominant role in generating and activating the paranoid beliefs.(1981, Spring)     

Community care for the kibbutz chronic psychiatric patient

After over 15 years' experience with a very structured community care program for kibbutz chronic psychiatric patients, the author is convinced that these severely disturbed patients show improved psychosocial adjustment and a highly significant reduction in recidivism and rehospitalization as compared to their records before the institution of the community treatment program.1981, Fall     

Community care for the kibbutz chronic psychiatric patient

After over 15 years' experience with a very structured community care program for kibbutz chronic psychiatric patients, the author is convinced that these severely disturbed patients show improved psychosocial adjustment and a highly significant reduction in recidivism and rehospitalization as compared to their records before the institution of the community treatment program.     

Attentional bias in high- and low-anxious individuals: Evidence for threat-induced effects on engagement and disengagement

Attentional bias to threatening visual stimuli (words or pictures) is commonly present in anxious individuals, but not in non-anxious people. There is evidence to show that attentional bias to threat can be induced in all individuals when threat is imposed by threat not of symbolic nature, but by cues that predict aversive stimulation (loud noise or electric shock). However, it is not known whether attentional bias in such situations is still influenced by individual differences in anxiety. This question was addressed in two experiments using a spatial cuing task in which visual cues predicted the occurrence of an aversive event consisting of a loud human scream. Speeded attentional engagement to threat cues was positively correlated with trait anxiety in Experiment 1. Experiment 2 showed that speeded attentional engagement was present only in participants selected for high anxiety but not in low-anxious participants. In both experiments, slower disengagement from threat cues was found in all participants, irrespective of their trait anxiety levels.     

民主的圣经根源

在古希腊,尤其是在古雅典中寻找现代民主的根源已是习以为常。当然,雅典的直接民主与现代的代议制民主之间的差别是要考虑的。同样,对于雅典男性自由公民———且不论奴隶、外乡人和女人———民主参与国家事物的限制也是要关注的。然而,除了这些差别,雅典民主显然体现了公民普遍参与城邦(polis)治理,至少从厄菲阿尔特公元前462年实行改革后到马其顿取得统治地位的大部分时期内是如此。这样,在希腊古代与现代之间就确立了一个基本的关联。尽管承认古希腊民主与其虽然是改头换面的重生显现之间的历史和哲学关联,但我们的论点是,现代民主现象…     

Paranoid disorders: family sources of the delusional system

Several family transactional patterns seem to play a critical rôle in the creation of the patient's paranoid constructions. A philosophy of life characterized by inflexible rules, irrational beliefs, distrust, apprehensive-ness and hate is prominent in a great number of families with paranoid patients. The family members typically intrude on each others' actions and feelings with mutual reinforcement of the paranoid ideas. Schreber's family appears to be a characteristic demonstration of the important implications of interactional transactions within the family in the genesis of a paranoid system.     

Failures in family therapy: and then what?*

This paper reviews the conceptual framework developed by the author in cases where family therapy has reached a stalemate. Based on his clinical experience as a consultant for some 200 professionals at the Kibbutz Child and Family Clinic in Israel, the author describes several operative strategies applicable in a situation of real or apparent failure of family therapy.     

Paranoid disorders : the interpersonal perspective

The material included in this article is part of a clinical study reporting the life-course and therapy of a group of thirty-four families in which at least one member of the family developed a delusional system.
Specifically, this paper discusses the rôle played by particular interpersonal transactions in the maintenance and amplification of paranoid beliefs. It is pointed out that the paranoid delusional system never remains a pure intrapsychic issue. In all our case studies, we have been able to show the presence and influence of an interactional feedback system.