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Abner Shimony 《Zygon》1988,23(3):333-340
Abstract. Criticisms are presented against Eger's challenge to the demarcation between the natural sciences and ethics. Arguments are given both against his endorsement of the "new" philosophy of science and against his rejection of the fact-value dichotomy. However, his educational recommendations are reinforced rather than weakened by these criticisms 相似文献
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In Phase I, black and white adolescent males made semantic differential ratings of 14 concepts representing a wide range of values. MOTHER, FATHER, GIRLS TV, GOD. POLICE. and NEXT YEAR yielded profiles significantly different for the 2 racial groups. In Phase II, 28 blacks and 28 whites each attempted to decode the profiles of 1 black and 1 white other. For combined racial groups, accuracy was greater when the other was semantically similar. Disregarding semantic similarity, accuracy was greater when the other was of the same race. Semantic similarity made little difference, however, when both encoder and decoder were black. Whites excelled in decoding the profiles of other whites where concepts were commonly encoded by both racial groups, while blacks were more accurate intraracially where concepts were differentially encoded by the 2 racial groups. Results were related to the assumption of a standard set of meanings for whites and a standard-nonstandard dual system for blacks. 相似文献
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Abner Shimony 《Erkenntnis》1996,45(2-3):337-348
We investigate the thesis of Aharonov, Bergmann, and Lebowitz that time-symmetry holds in ensembles defined by both an initial and a final condition, called preand postselected ensembles. We distinguish two senses of time symmetry and show that the first one, concerning forward directed and time reversed measurements, holds if the measurement process is ideal, but fails if the measurement process is non-ideal, i.e., violates Lüders's rule. The second kind of time symmetry, concerning the interchange of initial and final conditions, fails even in the case of ideal measurements. Bayes's theorem is used as a primary tool for calculating the relevant probabilities. We are critical of the concept that a pair of vectors in Hilbert space, characterizing the initial and final conditions, can be considered to constitute a generalized quantum state.Dedicated to Richard Jeffrey in honor of his fine work and in celebration of nearly half a century of friendship. 相似文献
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Abner J. Mikva 《Behavioral sciences & the law》1990,8(3):285-289
The empirical data generated by behavioral scientists is frequently targeted for presentation in courts in order to influence decision making. However, legislative bodies, rather than the courts, may be the most appropriate forum to consider such evidence. This article discusses the comparative reception of social science evidence in judicial versus legislative arenas. 相似文献
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Abner Shimony 《Synthese》1962,14(2-3):189-192
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Tali Tadmor Shimony 《Jewish History》2007,21(2):159-178
This essay discusses the teaching of Bible in the Israeli public school as reflected in the encounter between new immigrants
and long-time Israelis during the two first decades of the state. The Israeli secular curriculum defines the study of the
Bible as a prime agent of Zionist acculturation. This definition, however, was challenged by the arrival of new immigrants,
pupils and teachers alike, who did not view the Bible – as it was taught in secular schools – as primarily a means of reinforcing
the link between Jews and their land. For them, this conception had no resonance in the traditional cultures in which they
had been reared, which perceived and taught the Bible as an important component in defining Jewish religious identity. The
result was cultural interaction, which expressed itself in various ways. Some immigrants assimilated the prevalent secular
view of the Bible, while others expressed reservation and continued to voice criticism. At the same time, there were non-immigrant
teachers who adopted immigrant usages, for instance, men covering their heads during Bible lessons. But there was also interaction
between teachers of varying background, and here the result was an amalgam, even a fruitful pluralism of approaches. 相似文献
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Tali Tadmor Shimony 《Jewish History》2003,17(3):309-332
This essay explores the relationship between Israeli public and educational discourse and, in particular, how, by implementing
various pedagogical strategies aimed at inculcating a typology of national heriosm during the state's first three decades,
the state sponsored curriculum “translated” ideological discourse into educational text, integrating the state's ideological
value-system into a series of educational messages. The mapping of heroic prototypes in the national curriculum was conducted
along the classic time-axis of Jewish history. The earliest prototype was the ancient Hebrew hero of the Bible and the most
recent the “soldier as redeemer” of the Six Day War. At the same time, specific values constantly shifted to reflect changing
perceptions and definitions of the heroic, including, eventually, the heroism of the Holocaust “survivor.” What remained invariable
was the symbolic importance Israeli children living in a society accustomed to wars and continuously threatened violence were
taught to attach to the ideal of the national hero and heroism itself.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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