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排序方式: 共有189条查询结果,搜索用时 431 毫秒
81.
本研究采用爱荷华赌博任务(Iowa Gambling Task,IGT)范式,探究工作记忆在情感决策过程中的作用,以及风险取向类型与工作记忆的作用机制。以88名大学生为被试,采用自变量2(风险取向类型:风险偏好/风险规避)×2(工作记忆负荷:无负荷/有负荷)的混合实验设计。结果发现,高工作记忆负荷会降低被试的IGT成绩;工作记忆负荷和风险取向类型存在交互作用,即对于风险偏好型被试,工作记忆负荷对IGT损失敏感性的干扰并不明显,但对于风险规避型被试,高工作记忆负荷时的IGT损失敏感性比低工作记忆负荷时的更差。这些结果表明工作记忆和风险取向均会影响个体的情感决策。 相似文献
82.
客体投影方式对空间问题解决和再认的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过设置四种实验条件,旨在阐明空间问题解决和再认的水平是如何受到客体不同投影方式的影响。除进一步支持了正投影问题的解决是以一个具有三维结构特性的心理表征为基础而并非是对二维正投影信息进行了充分识别的观点外,研究结果还表明:(1)这个具有客体三维结构特性的心理表征是建构于对正投影问题解决而非轴测投影图的再认过程中;(2)正投影问题解决的复杂性显著地高于轴测投影图问题解决而且一个建构于正投影问题解决中 相似文献
83.
Multinomialprocessing tree (MPT) models are in wide use as measurement models for analyzing categorical data in cognitive
experiments. The approach involves estimating parameters and conducting hypothesis tests involving parameters that are arrayed
in a tree structure designed to represent latent cognitive processes. The standard inference algorithm for these models is
based on the well-known expectationmaximization (EM) algorithm. On the basis of the original use of the EMalgorithm for MPT
models, this article presents an approach that accelerates the convergence speed of the algorithm by (1) adjusting suitable
initial positions for certain parameters to reduce required iterative times and (2) using a series of operations between/among
a set of matrices that are specific to the original model structure and information to reduce the time required for a single
iteration. As compared with traditional algorithms, the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has superior efficiency
in interpreted languages and also has better algorithm readability and structure flexibility. 相似文献
84.
This brief report examined how the likelihood of destructive anger responses varied with age across relationship contexts. Seventy-six older adults and 100 younger adults from Hong Kong and Mainland China reported their responses to anger-eliciting scenarios elicited by a kin, a close or a casual friend. Results indicated that compared with their younger counterparts, older Hong Kong Chinese were less likely to report direct aggression toward kin, but older Mainland Chinese were more likely to do so. Older Hong Kong Chinese were less likely to report malevolent and fractious motives than were younger Chinese across all relationships; Older Mainland Chinese were less likely to do so only in friendship. Findings have implications for conceptualizing age-related emotion regulation across relationships and cultures. 相似文献
85.
Previous studies have shown the appearance of right-sided language-related brain activity in right-handed patients after a stroke. Non-invasive brain stimulation such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) have been shown to modulate excitability in the brain. Moreover, rTMS and tDCS have been found to improve naming in non-fluent post-stroke aphasic patients. Here, we investigated the effect of tDCS on the comprehension of aphasic patients with subacute stroke. We hypothesized that tDCS applied to the left superior temporal gyrus (Wernicke’s area) or the right Wernicke’s area might be associated with recovery of comprehension ability in aphasic patients with subacute stroke. Participants included right-handed subacute stroke patients with global aphasia due to ischemic infarct of the left M1 or M2 middle cerebral artery. Patients were randomly divided into three groups: patients who received anodal tDCS applied to the left superior temporal gyrus, patients who received cathodal tDCS applied to the right superior temporal gyrus, and patients who received sham tDCS. All patients received conventional speech and language therapy during each period of tDCS application. The Korean-Western Aphasia Battery (K-WAB) was used to assess all patients before and after tDCS sessions. After intervention, all patients had significant improvements in aphasia quotients, spontaneous speech, and auditory verbal comprehension. However, auditory verbal comprehension improved significantly more in patients treated with a cathode, as compared to patients in the other groups. These results are consistent with the role of Wernicke’s area in language comprehension and the therapeutic effect that cathodal tDCS has on aphasia patients with subacute stroke, suggesting that tDCS may be an adjuvant treatment approach for aphasia rehabilitation therapy in patients in an early stage of stroke. 相似文献
86.
该研究采用四因素混合实验设计考察不同的问题呈现方式对不同视空间能力、场认知方式以及不同年级小学生的数学应用题解题水平的影响情况,研究得出以下结论:有一定视觉提示的问题呈现方式在不同程度上促进了小学生数学应用题解题水平的提高,但不同的问题呈现方式对不同被试影响情况不同;低空间能力-场依存型被试在图形提示的呈现方式下解题水平提高程度最大。 相似文献
87.
集体行动何以成为可能--对一起集体上访、静坐事件的个案研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
针对一起持续时间长达18天的集体上访、静坐事件,本文试图回答以下两个问题它是如何产生的?它为什么能持续这么长的时间?本文认为,它源于强烈的集体不公正感;是多种因素的综合作用,才导致它持续了这么长的时间. 相似文献
88.
89.
90.
Adolescent suicidal ideation has become a top public health concern. It is thus significant to explore both risk and protective factors of adolescent suicidal ideation. The present study tested a moderated mediation model of suicidal ideation in a sample of Chinese adolescents. Chinese adolescents of 1074 (54.2% females, aged between 11 and 18 years) completed questionnaires assessing self‐esteem, entrapment, reason for living, and suicidal ideation. We found that entrapment mediated the association between low self‐esteem and suicidal ideation. The association between entrapment and suicidal ideation was moderated by reason for living. Findings of this study may expand our understanding of the development of suicidal ideation, and facilitate future research exploring the interplay of risk and protective factors of suicidality. Clinical implications of these findings were also discussed. 相似文献