让我的双腿停止颤抖吧!——一位成年人的进教经历

圣周六,就在我即将皈依天主教会的时刻,有人对我说：“哇,你坚持了十一年半!”我苦涩地笑了笑。我和马克结婚也是十一年半了。在大部分时间里,我不仅是一位坚定的圣公会信徒,而且也热忱祈祷马克也成为圣公会的一员。现在我坐在复活节前夜的黑暗里,我不停地回想着,我是不是该放弃呀？     

Acculturation and adaptation of immigrant adolescents in Greek urban schools

The purpose of this study was to examine the acculturation, psychological well-being, and school adjustment of Pontian adolescents from the former Soviet Union (FSU-Pontians), who are immigrants of the diaspora living in Greece, compared with an immigrant group from Albania and native Greek classmates. The sample included 165 FSU-Pontian immigrants, 272 immigrants from Albania, and their 525 Greek classmates (mean age = 13.7 years). School adjustment data were obtained using multiple methods and informants. Students also reported their subjective well-being and acculturation via multiple measures. Findings indicated that FSU-Pontian adolescents, although they are Greek citizens, had a stronger ethnic and a lower host-national orientation than did Albanian students. Both immigrant groups experienced similar difficulties in school adjustment. Involvement in Greek culture was a salient predictor of school adjustment, while involvement in one's ethnic culture was related to subjective well-being. Findings suggest that the acculturation expectations of host country members may be related to immigrants' acculturation orientations.     

科学院畜牧兽医研究所,军事医学科学

1　引言精神分裂症是最常见的精神疾病之一。多年来 ,大量生物医学研究成果给精神分裂症的预防及治疗带来了希望。但这些研究成果尚未就精神分裂症的病理心理学基础达成统一明确的意见。就本质上来说 ,精神分裂症是一种心理现象的异常 ,表现为患者心理过程及个性心理特征的异常。因此 ,对精神分裂症进行神经心理学的研究籍以阐明其心理机制是必要的 ,也是可行的。除了探讨脑神经细胞病变对心理活动的影响外 ,从宏观角度即大脑两半球的功能特点及其相互关系了解心理活动的神经机制也是众多学者关注的焦点。2　大脑两半球关系研究的历史2 .1　…     

Human and peoples' rights: social representations among Cameroonian students

Social representations of human and peoples' rights were studied among Cameroonian university students (N = 666) with a questionnaire based on the UN Declaration of Human Rights and the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights and Duties. The respondents were asked how important and how well realized they regarded the 39 human and peoples' rights to be. A 13-factor model provided the best fit with Cameroonian students' perceptions of human and peoples' rights. Taken as a whole, our results are in line with previous quantitative studies on human rights, confirming structural similarity but also country-specific variation in the aggregation of specific rights. Moreover, our data showed that Cameroonian students value human and peoples' rights highly (M = 6.18), whereas their fulfillment is not regarded as highly (M = 5.09). Same law for all, equality and freedom, and right to work and living were highly appreciated but lowly realized rights. Higher than average in importance and realization were right to education and self-fulfillment, right to marriage and property, peoples' social and political basic rights and right to life and safety. Low in importance and realization were peoples' right to their country's natural resources and independence, right to meetings, and right to express opinion. Women appreciated the rights more than men and thought of their rights as better realized compared to men. We suggest that when women say that their rights are better fulfilled than men do, it is in comparison with the older generation, who are still very dependent on men. Nowadays, thanks to education and urbanization, young women have wider choices or opportunities for marriage and jobs. Men may feel frustrated in the context of political liberalization because the freedoms are more theoretical than fulfilled; the economic crises and cultural changes have hindered their economic domination and their prerogatives.     

重复电休克对大白鼠学习记忆的影响

本实验观察了生后18—19天的幼年大白鼠接受连续四周重复电休克(每天两次),到动物成年后对学习和记忆有明显的影响;电休克施加于更年幼的动物(生后14天)有更明显的影响;而施加于成年动物(生后两个月),则没有影响。这一观察在防御性和食物性两种实验方法中的结果是一致的。     

西方道教研究编年史(1950-1990)[选译八]

3、艺术《老子》、《庄子》和《淮南子》对中国艺术和美学的影响,数十年前就已得到承认（张钟元Chang1963,1975）。就象基于老庄哲学的美学言论和与传说中的神仙相联系的诗歌意象一样,诗歌、书法和绘画正是适合于官方精英绅士的活动。问题在于,这种对道的自然创造的审美感受,是否就是道教影响中国文学和艺术的全部（最近有一篇关于中国古典美学的比较研究论文很值得一读,即Leys1983,页11—39,1987,页3－34）。诗歌。书法和绘画,连同音乐（主要是琵琶弹奏）,通过这些艺术形式,受过教育的精英于公元四至五世纪时发现了美学。这种…     

前额叶切除对于猕猴分辨反转的影响

一、在5只正常猕猴上进行了圆锥体与圆柱体的分辨反转学习训练。对反转后即刻分辨、反转学习速度和长时记忆作了观察。结果表明,随着反复训练,反转后即刻分辨正确率逐步有所提高,反转学习速度也可进一步加快。此外,猴对反转后即刻分辨的长时记忆也是相当巩固的。 二、两侧前额叶背侧面皮层切除后,分辨反转受到影响。这主要表现在反转后即刻分辨的正确率显著下降,动物出现“顽固性”错误。一侧手术后影响不大。     

21世纪文学研究再思考路径

2000年，加娅特丽·查克拉沃尔蒂·斯皮瓦克在美国加利福尼亚州欧文大学做了一场演讲，题为《一门学科之死》，该演讲稿随后在2003年付梓出版。在她看来，在我们这个全球化的世界中，文学研究，特别是比较文学研究只能依靠破坏和解构“出新为主的固有倾向”来苟延残喘（斯皮瓦克，2003：100）。除了后殖民研究今天已经列举的方法之外，斯皮瓦克还提出，应该从前现代社会和传统文化着手，     

城市：生命的驿站

乡村是上帝赐予的，城市是人类创造的。凯文·林奇在《城市形态》一书中指出：“城市可以被看做是一个故事、一个反映人群关系的图示、一个整体分散并存的空间、一个物质作用的领域、一个相关决策的系列或者一个充满矛盾的领域。”这是学者的说法，但往普通人眼里，城市，其实就是我们流动的生命驿站。     

奥卡姆认识论的外在论

奥卡姆的唯名论的认识论吸收了强烈的现代意义上的外在论元素。他认为,一个信念是否是一种知识,取决于它是如何获取的,而认知者对这一获取过程可能并没有觉察。本文从两个部分分析这一理论。首先考察奥卡姆对知识这一概念的逻辑分析,然后集中讨论奥卡姆关于不存在之物的直观认知的特别理论,本文将说明,这一学说是认识论中一般的可靠论态度促成的。