急性冠脉综合征患者合并抑郁障碍对生存质量的影响

为了了解急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者合并抑郁障碍的现状及其对生存质量(QOL)的影响,对104名ACS患者应用一般情况调查表、HAD(d)、SF-36进行调查.结果显示31.73%的ACS患者合并抑郁障碍;ACS伴抑郁障碍SF-36各因子分均低于不伴抑郁障碍;HAD(d)总分与SF-36各因子分均呈负相关.因此ACS患者是抑郁障碍的易感人群,且抑郁障碍可降低ACS患者的QOL.     

心理干预对急性冠脉综合征伴抑郁患者应对方式的影响

为了解心理干预对急性冠脉综合征（ACS）伴抑郁患者应对方式的影响,对42名ACS伴抑郁患者随机分为干预组和对照组,在入组时、入组3月后和6月后分别进行HAD（d）、MCMQ测评。结果显示入组3月后和6月后,干预组HAD（d）总分、回避因子分、屈服因子分较对照组降低,面对因子分较对照组升高,与入组时相比干预组HAD（d）...     

脑外伤患者焦虑抑郁状况及其与生命质量的相关性分析

了解脑外伤患者焦虑、抑郁状况,并探讨其与生命质量的相关性.应用医院焦虑抑郁量表(HAD)、生命质量量表(MOS SF-36)对200例脑外伤患者进行问卷调查.结果显示患者焦虑发生率为36.46％,抑郁发生率为42.71％,而且患者焦虑、抑郁情绪评分与生命质量总分及各维度评分均呈负相关,即焦虑、抑郁情绪越严重者,其生命质量越低.     

青少年重度抑郁患者自伤行为及危险因素研究

为探讨重度抑郁青少年非自杀性自伤(non-suicidial self-injury,NSSI)行为发生的风险因素,采用贝克自杀意念量表、焦虑自评量表、Barratt冲动量表、认知情绪调节量表、青少年生活事件量表、家庭亲密度及适应性量表对160例抑郁障碍青少年患者进行调查。结果发现,青少年重度抑郁发作患者中NSSI行为发生率较高,性别差异不显著。伴NSSI组患者的冲动性、自杀危险、焦虑、自我责难、灾难化及人际关系得分显著高于不伴NSSI组(P0.05);计划、积极重新评价,家庭实际适应性得分显著低于不伴NSSI组(P0.05)。二分类Logistic回归分析显示,自杀危险得分、冲动性总分、人际关系、自我责难是NSSI的危险因素。     

心理护理干预对伴有焦虑/抑郁的COPD患者治疗周期及费用的影响

为了探讨心理护理干预对伴有焦虑/抑郁的慢性阻塞性肺病患者治疗周期及费用的影响,将100例COPD合并焦虑/抑郁的患者随机分为心理干预组和对照组,两组均给予常规药物治疗,干预组增加心理干预,结果显示与入院时比较,心理干预组HAD评分明显改善(P＜0.05),对照组HAD评分也存在差异,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).与对照组比较,干预组住院治疗周期明显缩短(P＜0.05),住院费用显著减少(P＜0.05).因此心理护理干预能改善COPD患者心理障碍,减少住院周期和费用,对COPD患者是较好的辅助治疗方法.     

SF-36量表用于慢性乙型肝炎生命质量测定的效果评价

评价SF-36量表在慢性乙型肝炎患者中应用的效果;调查101名慢性乙肝患者,用重测信度、分半信度、内部一致性、结构效度和判别效度等对SF-36量表进行评判;该量表具有良好的分半信度和内部一致性,结构效度和判别效度较好;SF-36量表可用于慢性乙型肝炎患者生命质量评价.     

重症抑郁障碍复发前负性生活事件的特征

探讨复发重症抑郁障碍患者负性生活事件(NLE)暴露的特征,对2009年~2013年323例抑郁障碍复发患者(15岁~79岁)进行访谈调查。结果显示,323例现患抑郁复发者过去12个月内NLE发生率为22.3%。抑郁首次发作前NLE发生率显著高于第2次发作(合并复发病例)(57.0%vs.28.5%,P0.01);抑郁复发最常见的4类生活事件分别为:疾病/伤害(30.6%)、亲人疾病/伤害(15.3%)、社交/人际冲突(13.9%)和离异/婚恋问题(13.9%)。     

SF-36量表用于慢性乙型肝炎生命质量测定的效果评价

评价SF-36量表在慢性乙型肝炎患者中应用的效果;调查101名慢性乙肝患者,用重测信度、分半信度、内部一致性、结构效度和判别效度等对SF-36量表进行评判;该量表具有良好的分半信度和内部一致性,结构效度和判别效度较好;SF-36量表可用于慢性乙型肝炎患者生命质量评价。     

心血管病患者择期介入手术前后焦虑抑郁及影响因素分析

探讨择期介入治疗心血管病患者术前术后焦虑抑郁水平及其影响因素。连续调查我院心内科行择期介入治疗的住院患者100例,分别于术前及术后记录患者静息血压和心率,填写贝克抑郁量表、状态焦虑量表、自制担心评定量表、SF-36生活质量调查问卷;SPSS 17．0软件对焦虑抑郁影响因素进行了统计分析。介入患者术后血压（141．2＆#177;10．6）mmHg /（75．1＆#177;11．9）mmHg 较术前（145．4＆#177;18．0）mmHg/（79．8＆#177;12．2）mmHg 显著下降,心率（72．1＆#177;11．6）次/分也较术前（78．2＆#177;12．9）次/分显著降低;术前患者普遍存在焦虑情绪（43．4＆#177;8．4）,焦虑水平与学历、血压及心率均呈正相关（P＜0．05）,与年龄、生活质量呈负相关（P＜0．05）;介入术后患者焦虑水平显著下降（41．2＆#177;7．6,P＜0．03）;抑郁水平在手术前后无明显变化。本结果提示择期介入治疗心血管病患者术前存在明显焦虑,焦虑水平与年龄、学历、血压、心率及生活质量密切相关。     

慢性心力衰竭患者抑郁与空腹血糖、血脂水平的关系

了解慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者抑郁发生现状并探讨其与空腹血糖、血脂水平的关系.采用Beck抑郁自评量表(BDI)对135例CHF患者进行调查,并测定其空腹血糖(FBS)、血总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平.抑郁组(BDI≥10分)FBS、TG水平高于非抑郁组(BDI ＜10分)(Z=-2.525,P＜0.05;Z=-2.588,P＜0.05),HDL-C的水平低于非抑郁组(Z=-1.967,P＜0.05);BDI总分与FBS水平呈正相关(r=0.323,P＜0.01),而与各项血脂指标无相关性.抑郁组与非抑郁组CHF患者FBS、TG、HDL-C水平存在显著性统计学差异,医护人员应加强对CHF患者的心理护理,预防和减轻抑郁情绪以调节空腹血糖、血脂水平.     

心理干预对产褥期精神障碍患者生活质量的影响

探讨心理干预对产褥期精神障碍患者生活质量的影响。将85例产褥期精神障碍患者随机分为研究组45例和对照组40例,两组均给予精神科常规护理,研究组在此基础上根据患者的具体情况,实施有针对性的心理护理干预。于心理护理干预后采用Hamilton抑郁量表（HAMD）、Hamilton焦虑量表（HAMA）和生存质量量表（SF－36...     

小组治疗对2型糖尿病患者生活质量和临床指标的影响

观察小组治疗对2型糖尿病患者生活质量及糖代谢的影响。将67名2型糖尿病患者随机分为实验组和对照组。两组均给以降糖药物治疗,实验组并给予小组干预。每位患者均于治疗前、治疗后3个月末和5个月末检测糖代谢指标,治疗前和治疗后5个月末测查健康调查简表（SF-36）。结果为实验组临床指标改善优于对照组（P〈0．05）,实验组与对照组相比生活质量明显提高（P〈0．01）。结论认为小组治疗对改善糖尿病患者生活质量和糖代谢情况有着积极作用。     

家属参与授权教育对老年原发性高血压伴同型半胱氨酸血症患者管理中的应用

探讨家属参与授权教育对老年原发性高血压伴同型半胱氨酸血症患者的干预效果.选取120名老年原发性高血压伴同型半胱氨酸血症患者,随机分成试验组和对照组,每组60名,两组均采取相同的药物治疗,给予常规的授权教育模式.试验组在此基础上给予家属参与授权教育模式,为期6个月.试验组与对照组比较,总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三脂（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）及血压值低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;试验组的生存质量及满意度评分均高于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.经过为期6个月的健康教育干预,这一模式取得了较好的效果.     

Impact of comorbid depressive symptoms on neuropsychological performance in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

There is indirect evidence from previous research that several executive disturbances in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are mediated by comorbid depressive symptoms. For the present study, the authors investigated whether OCD patients with elevated Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) scores would exhibit deficits in tasks sensitive to the medial and dorsolateral frontal cortex as well as other executive tasks. The 36 OCD patients were split along the median according to their HRSD scores and compared with matched control subjects. Patients with high HRSD scores performed significantly worse than control subjects and patients with low HRSD scores on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, the Trail-Making Test (TMT, Part B), and the TMT difference score. Moreover, patients with high HRSD scores exhibited deficits on a (creative) verbal fluency task. It is suggested that comorbid depressive symptoms may have artificially inflated some executive deficit scores in previous studies.     

The Depressive Personality Disorder Inventory and its relationship to quality of life, hopefulness, and optimism

The construct validity of the Depressive Personality Disorder Inventory (DPDI; Huprich, Margrett, Barthelemy, & Fine, 1996) was examined through its relationship to the constructs of hope, optimism, and quality of life (QOL). Three hundred thirty-two undergraduate students were administered the DPDI and measures of the aforementioned constructs. As predicted, the DPDI negatively correlated with all measures. Individuals classified with a depressive personality disorder had significantly higher scores on measures of hope, optimism, and QOL compared to a control group. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that optimism, QOL, and one component of hope significantly predicted DPDI scores, although more variance was accounted for in women than men. These findings are explained in light of Carver and Scheier's (2000) explanation of optimism and its relationship to hope. In sum, it appears that the construct validity of the DPDI is supported within an undergraduate sample.     

Correlates of general quality of life are different in patients with primary insomnia as compared to patients with insomnia and psychiatric comorbidity

Chronic insomnia is known to have a negative influence on quality of life (QOL). To date, most studies on chronic insomnia have focused on health-related aspects of QOL. General QOL, which is a different construct, has not been studied in detail. Moreover, it is not known which factors are associated with general QOL in insomnia, and whether the presence of mental disorders, a condition known as comorbid insomnia, affects these variables. The present study focused on identifying sleep and psychosocial variables that might be associated with general QOL in primary and comorbid insomnia. Personality traits, coping variables, anxiety and depressive symptoms, fatigue and subjective sleep variables were assessed in 218 consecutive well-characterized patients with primary and comorbid insomnia, referred to a third line centre for sleep medicine. In primary insomnia, higher extraversion and lower discrepancies in social support were associated with higher QOL. Surprisingly, insomnia severity was not significantly associated with QOL in this group. However, lower fatigue, which can be seen as an important daytime consequence of insomnia was correlated with higher QOL in patients with primary insomnia. In both insomnia groups, low anxiety and depressive symptoms and low fatigue were associated with higher general QOL. In contrast with the primary insomnia group, lower insomnia severity was correlated with higher QOL in patients with comorbid insomnia. These results stress the importance of assessing and treating daytime fatigue in insomnia. In primary insomnia, improving social support might be an important treatment goal. Furthermore, this study supports the concept that treatment of insomnia should not be neglected in patients with comorbid insomnia. Indeed, both insomnia and indices of psychiatric disease are strongly associated with general QOL in this condition.     

Does enhanced cognitive behaviour therapy for eating disorders improve quality of life?

Quality of life (QOL) is the degree of enjoyment and satisfaction experienced in life, and embraces emotional well-being, physical health, economic and living circumstances, and work satisfaction. QOL recovery with eating disorder treatment has received sparse attention, and until now, no study has investigated QOL recovery with enhanced cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT-E). Patients (n?=?196) admitted to a specialist eating disorders outpatient programme and receiving CBT-E completed measures of QOL, eating disorder psychopathology, depression, anxiety and self-esteem, before and after treatment. QOL at intake was compared with community norms, and QOL below the norm was predicted from sociodemographic and clinical correlates with logistic regression. Baseline QOL below the norm was associated with depression and anxiety Axis I comorbidity, and severity of depressive symptoms. Predictors of post-treatment QOL were baseline QOL and level of depressive symptoms and self-esteem at post-treatment. CBT-E was associated with gains in QOL over the course of treatment, in addition to eating disorder symptom relief. Copyright ? 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.     

住院放化疗肺癌患者生活质量影响因素分析

生活质量研究是近年来肿瘤治疗研究的热点之一。应用生存质量核心问卷（QLQ—C30）及卡氏功能量表,于治疗前、中、后进行问卷式调查,探讨60例经病理证实接受放、化疗的肺癌患者生活质量的影响因素,预测患者预后和远期生存状态,为住院放化疗肺癌的治疗方法提供一个较好的参考标准,对放化疗肺癌的治疗水平和改善生活质量起到了一定的推动作用。