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1.
目的:使用情绪启动的研究范式,探讨情绪启动对抑郁情绪患者的分类效果.方法:抽取35名抑郁情绪患者和35名正常被试,分别完成6种条件的实验任务,采用潜在剖面分析和logistic回归分析,分析6种条件对两组被试的分类结果.结果:两组被试在6种条件下对人脸表情判断的正确数和反应时存在显著差异,抑郁患者的反应时间明显延长,识别的正确数比正常被试少,潜在剖面分析的结果与真实结果具有较高的一致性.结论:潜在剖面分析能较好地区分正常组与抑郁组患者,为鉴别正常人与抑郁情绪患者提供新的途径.  相似文献   

2.
对中国大陆606名球迷进行测验问卷调查,以攻击性特征来划分球迷,并探讨了球迷攻击性类型的人口学特点。潜在剖面分析结果显示球迷攻击性存在三种类别——高攻击型、低攻击型和混合型,比例分别为20.3%、36.0%和43.7%。进一步的分析发现,相比较低攻击型而言,混合型和高攻击型有着显著的性别效应,混合型和高攻击型的男性所占比例大于女性;对于俱乐部而言,高攻击型类别中申花、鲁能、舜天及国安球迷比例较大,恒大、泰达球迷的比例较小。对分析结果,给出了干预依据及应对对策。  相似文献   

3.
以229名中学教师对研究对象,采用潜在剖面分析方法探索其工作狂类型,并进一步揭示这些类型与工作绩效间的关系。结果表明:(1)教师按工作狂得分可分为三类:重度工作狂、中等偏高工作狂和中等偏低工作狂;(2)不同类别工作狂会对工作绩效产生不同程度的影响。  相似文献   

4.
采用青少年自我伤害问卷对2388名过去一年里有过自伤史的青少年进行施测,并采用潜在剖面分析方法探讨青少年自伤的分类模式,以及人口学变量对青少年II类自伤异质性的作用。结果发现,青少年自伤存在明显的异质性,首先,根据性质不同,将青少年的自伤行为分为Ⅰ类自伤和Ⅱ类自伤;其次,根据自我伤害程度,进一步将Ⅱ类自伤分为轻度自伤、较轻度自伤、中度自伤、较重度自伤和重度自伤;性别和家庭所在地主要对青少年Ⅱ类自伤中的轻度/较轻度自伤产生影响,年龄对青少年Ⅱ类自伤的5种潜在类别均有影响。  相似文献   

5.
基于个体中心的视角考察幼儿教师情绪劳动策略和职业倦怠的关系,采用幼儿教师情绪劳动策略量表和职业倦怠量表对495名幼儿教师进行问卷调查。运用潜在剖面分析方法进行数据分析,结果表明:(1)幼儿教师情绪劳动策略可以分为四种潜在类别:积极型、内热型、珍爱型和冷淡型,其中积极型人数最多,冷淡型人数最少;(2)幼儿教师的职业倦怠得分在这四种潜在类别上有显著差异,冷淡型的职业倦怠得分最高,积极型次之,内热型和珍爱型的职业倦怠得分最低且无显著差异。研究结果为幼儿教师情绪劳动与职业倦怠的关系探讨提供了新的视角。  相似文献   

6.
基于个体中心的视角考察大学校长胜任力和职业认同的关系,采用大学校长胜任力量表和职业认同量表对262名大学校长进行问卷调查。运用潜在剖面分析方法进行数据分析,结果表明:(1)大学校长胜任力可以分为四种潜在类别:低胜任力组、中胜任力组、高特质低能力组,高胜任力组,其中,中胜任组人数最多,高特质低能力组人数最少;(2)大学校长的职业认同得分在这四种潜在类别上有显著差异,中胜任力组、高胜任力组的大学校长职业认同得分显著高于高特质低能力组和低胜任力组,低胜任力组的大学校长职业认同显著于高于高特质低能力组。  相似文献   

7.
采用问卷法,对764名青少年进行测试,首先采用潜在剖面分析模型探索了父母教养方式的潜在类别,然后通过青少年道德脱离、道德同一性的得分差异来确认潜在类别的效度。结果表明,从青少年的角度父母教养方式分为积极型、消极型和混合型三种,其中积极型人数最多、消极型人数最少。此外,青少年道德脱离、道德同一性的得分在这三种潜在类别上存在显著差异,表明本研究得到的三种潜在类别有较好的效度。积极型教养方式下青少年道德脱离的得分显著低于混合型和消极型的得分,混合型教养方式下道德脱离的得分显著高于消极型的得分;积极型教养方式下青少年道德同一性的得分显著高于混合型和消极型的得分,混合型教养方式下道德同一性的得分显著低于消极型的得分。  相似文献   

8.
应用潜在剖面分析方法对广州市58所学校的六年级学生数学成绩进行潜在分类,并分析不同类别学生的学业负担状况。结果表明,学生样本按数学成绩可以分为三个类别:数学成绩良好组、数学成绩中等组、数学成绩较差组。此外,学业负担的轻重对不同数学成绩层次的学生会产生不同程度的影响。  相似文献   

9.
以2844名初中生为研究对象,采用潜在剖面分析探讨初中生的认知需求类型及其数学学业成绩的关系。结果发现,初中生的认知需求存在四个潜在类别,即参与思考–低投入型、参与思考–一般投入型、懒于思考–高投入型、喜欢思考–高投入型,分别占比为25.52%、40.58%、3.87%、30.03%;与初三学生相比,初一学生和初二学生更可能是喜欢思考–高投入型;男女生认知需求潜在类别基本一致。此外,初中生认知需求与数学学业成绩呈显著正相关关系,且喜欢思考–高投入型的数学学业成绩显著高于其他类别初中生的数学学业成绩。  相似文献   

10.
运用潜在剖面分析探讨高中生生命意义感潜在特征模式及其与孤独感的关系。采用生命意义感量表和青少年孤独感问卷对高一至高三共997名学生进行调查,结果发现:(1)高中生生命意义感存在四种潜在类别:消极意义感型(4.71%)、探索意义感型(11.43%)、一般意义感型(43.63%)和积极意义感型(40.22%)。其中,一般意义感型和积极意义感型更具有群体普遍性。(2)高中生孤独感在四种生命意义感潜在类别上差异显著。具体表现为,消极意义感型高中生孤独感最高,探索意义感型和一般意义感型处于中间,积极意义感型孤独感最低。结果表明,高中生生命意义感存在异质性分化,具有明显的分类特征且与孤独感关系密切。  相似文献   

11.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) frequently co-occurs with major depressive disorder, and empirically supported PTSD treatments consistently improve depression. However, both diagnoses are heterogeneous and specific patterns of symptom overlap may be related to worse treatment outcome. Two hundred individuals with chronic PTSD participated in a doubly randomized preference trial comparing prolonged exposure and sertraline. Latent Profile Analysis was used to identify classes based on PTSD and depression symptoms prior to starting treatment. A three-class model best fit the data, with a high depression and PTSD severity class (distressed), a moderate depression and low PTSD avoidance class (depressive), and a low depression and high PTSD avoidance class (avoidant). The avoidant class showed the lowest rates of major depressive disorder diagnosis and transdiagnostic vulnerabilities to depression. Patients in the distressed class experienced more robust PTSD treatment response, with no differences between prolonged exposure and sertraline. These findings highlight the role of avoidance in nondepressed PTSD presentations while also demonstrating that co-occurring depression is not contraindicated in evidence-based PTSD treatment.  相似文献   

12.
    
Comorbid depression and anxiety causes serious psychological and physiological damage for older people. This study aimed to identify heterogeneous classes of comorbid depression and anxiety (CDA) among older people in China and to ascertain predictors of latent class membership. Cross-sectional data of 10,919 cases were extracted from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify symptom patterns of comorbid depression (measured by the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale) and anxiety (measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale). Multinomial logistic regressions following bivariate analyses were used to explore the relationship between the derived classes and individual- and social-level factors. Four patterns of CDA were identified: low symptoms of depression and anxiety (30.52%; n = 3333), mild depression only (53.26%; n = 5815), moderate depression and anxiety (13.82%; n = 1509), and severe depression and anxiety (2.40%; n = 262). Older people who are male, suffer from multimorbidity, and lack a healthy lifestyle are more likely to have problematic symptom profiles. While intimate relationships with partners and children significantly predicted CDA patterns, the effects of sibling relationships, daily life, and emotional support from the community were insignificant. LPA identified four distinct CDA patterns among a representative sample of older Chinese people. While restless sleep, lack of positive emotions, uselessness, and weak concentration are salient across all profiles, “difficult to relax” is prominent in profiles high in anxiety. In addition to individual-level variables, social-level factors, especially intimate relationships with partners and children rather than general links to siblings or the community, have unneglectable impacts on whether and to what extent older Chinese adults suffer from CDA in the cultural context of relationism, patriarchy, and filial piety.  相似文献   

13.
Disorders of Eating in the Elderly   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The most common eating disorder in the elderly in both community and hospital settings is food refusal. This may lead to weight loss and malnutrition with all the adverse consequences on independence and function. The management of disorders of eating in the elderly is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, requiring the combined skills of the medical and nursing staff. The causes are often multifactorial and require careful and repeated assessment of the patient's social, psychological, and medical history. Approach to treatment involves these factors, as well as ethical and cultural considerations. Eating is the most basic biological drive for survival in nature. In human societies there are additional cultural and social aspects that may override this instinct, as in the case of hunger strikes for political motives. In the elderly, food is one of the major sources of possible pleasure and it is the challenge for health providers to try and give this enjoyment to their patients for as long as possible.  相似文献   

14.
以山东省济南市12所初中的2015名初一学生为被试,对其持续追踪至初二年级,采用自我报告法测查青少年的同伴侵害、受欺负和社交退缩,采用同伴提名法测查青少年的攻击行为。采用潜在剖面分析和潜在转变分析,探讨青少年早期同伴侵害的亚类别以及各亚类别中青少年受侵害身份的稳定性与发展变化。结果发现:(1)同伴侵害亚类别可以分为:未受侵害组、低受侵害组、中等受侵害组和高受侵害组四类,各亚类别间的异质性主要体现在受侵害程度上;(2)中等受侵害组和高受侵害组表现出高水平的攻击行为和社交退缩,且高受侵害组的社交退缩行为更多;(3)青少年早期个体的受侵害身份具有中到高水平的稳定性,同时也存在着一定的发展变化,主要表现为高受侵害组青少年倾向于向中等受侵害组转变,中等受侵害组青少年倾向于向低受侵害组转变。攻击行为是受侵害身份转变的重要预测因素。  相似文献   

15.
McCarthy (1990) contends that a cultural ideal of thinness (the thin ideal) causes depression and eating disorders to occur more frequently in women than men. She believes eating disorders are a way of coping with depression and hypothesizes that the thin ideal has its greatest impact during puberty when sexual attractiveness becomes important and changes in physical appearance increase the discrepancy between the adolescent girl's actual and ideal body image. The present study used a cross-sectional design of 5th, 8th, and 12th grade males and females (N = 599) to test several predictions from McCarthy's model. As expected, 8th and 12th grade females preferred a thinner than average body shape. They were more dissatisfied with their bodies than males and scored higher on measures of disordered eating. In contrast, before puberty (5th grade) boys were more depressed than their female peers but this pattern was reversed in 8th grade boys and girls. Paralleling changes in depression, disordered eating scores were highest in 8th and 12th grade girls. Both of these findings underscore the role of maturational factors in the onset of eating disorders. Although the sample was ethnically diverse and mainly from middle and low socioeconomic groups, there was a surprisingly high incidence of body dissatisfaction and symptoms of disordered eating. This illustrates the pervasiveness of thinness as a standard of feminine beauty in our society and the damaging effects it can have.  相似文献   

16.
尹奎  彭坚  张君 《心理科学进展》2020,28(7):1056-1070
以个体为中心的研究路径将各个变量看作是相互依赖的一个系统, 基于多项特征(变量)将被试分为多个子群体, 分析子群体的前因与影响。以个体为中心的研究路径理解更加直观、更贴近实践, 受到越来越多的关注。潜在剖面分析(latent profile analysis, LPA)是以个体为中心研究路径的典型分析技术。在总结归纳以个体与以变量为中心两种研究路径异同、LPA与传统以个体为中心的分析技术差异后, 系统梳理了LPA在组织行为学领域的应用主题, 并从研究主题选取、样本要求、理论使用、剖面数量确定等方面归纳了LPA应用的步骤与注意事项。最后, 提出了未来研究的方向。  相似文献   

17.
18.
    
This paper develops and tests a framework for understanding the relative importance and predictive efficacy of commitment to one’s profession, organization, supervisor and job in both standard and fixed-term employment arrangements. Drawing from the commitment and employment arrangement literatures, we test a set of hypotheses identifying distinct patterns of commitments (i.e., commitment profiles) to these four targets that should yield desired work-related outcomes in standard and fixed-term employment arrangements. We test our hypotheses using latent profile analysis on data collected from two Finnish universities (N1 = 235, N2 = 233). A high macro profile, characterized by high commitment to profession, organization and job, and moderate commitment to supervisor, emerged for employees in standard employment relationships, and this profile was associated with significantly higher positive work behaviours and work effort and lower turnover intentions than the other profiles. For employees with fixed-term employment contracts, a high cosmopolitan profile emerged, characterized by high commitment to the profession and job and low commitment to the organization and supervisor. For these employees, this profile was associated with positive work behaviours and work effort comparable to the high macro profile. Implications for theory, research and practice are discussed.  相似文献   

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