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1.
保乳治疗既能满足乳腺癌的治疗要求,又适于追求更高的生活质量,但应用时必须严格掌握适应证,还要充分考虑到病人及其家庭的经济和心理承受能力,医院的综合治疗条件等因素,充分做到科学性与人性化的高度结合,才能获得最佳临床效果。 相似文献
2.
保乳手术基于乳腺癌是一种全身疾病的认识,符合医学发展的方向并最大程度地满足了患者对形体美的追求,保乳手术是早期乳腺癌手术的发展趋势,保乳治疗是多种疗法序贯应用的综合治疗。乳腺外科医师应及时转变治疗观念,以更大的责任心给予乳腺癌患者最好的治疗和更多的人文关爱。 相似文献
3.
保乳治疗既能满足乳腺癌的治疗要求,又适于追求更高的生活质量,但应用时必须严格掌握适应证,还要充分考虑到病人及其家庭的经济和心理承受能力,医院的综合治疗条件等因素,充分做到科学性与人性化的高度结合,才能获得最佳临床效果. 相似文献
4.
为了比较分析保乳术和根治术的治疗成本和对乳腺癌患者预后的影响,从2002年1月~2005年6月湘雅医院乳腺科的乳腺癌资料库中,随机抽取64例I~II期乳腺癌分为保乳治疗组(A组,32例)和根治术组(B组,32例),并随访。结果显示,A、B两组全部药品费用分别平均为32474.11±16126.00元、35107.30±19352.71元,总费用平均为53959.64±22033.28元、53382.10±24042.87元。两组药品费和总费用均无统计学差异(P=0.556、0.921)。中位随访时间30个月,两组病例均无局部复发。A、B组远处转移率分别为6.25%、9.38%,两组无明显差异(P=0.641);Kaplan-Meier生存分析表明A、B组生存率分别为96.88%、93.75%,两组无显著性差异(P=0.4566)。保乳术患者对残乳的满意率为90.61%,认为保留了乳房后其对家庭和社会生活仍充满自信的分别占75%和87.5%;相反,根治术者仅占28.13%和40.63%;A、B两组有显著性差异(P=0.000、0.000)。由此得出结论,保乳术和根治/改良根治术两种治疗方法对I~II期乳腺癌患者的预后无差异,成本亦无明显区别,而保乳术明显提高了患者的家庭、社会生活质量。 相似文献
5.
为了比较分析保乳术和根治术的治疗成本和对乳腺癌患者预后的影响,从2002年1月~2005年6月湘雅医院乳腺科的乳腺癌资料库中,随机抽取64例I~II期乳腺癌分为保乳治疗组(A组,32例)和根治术组(B组,32例),并随访.结果显示,A、B两组全部药品费用分别平均为32 474.11±16 126.00元、35 107.30±19 352.71元,总费用平均为53 959.64±22 033.28元、53 382.10±24 042.87元.两组药品费和总费用均无统计学差异(P=0.556、0.921).中位随访时间30个月,两组病例均无局部复发.A、B组远处转移率分别为6.25%、9.38%,两组无明显差异(P=0.641);Kaplan-Meier生存分析表明A、B组生存率分别为96.88%、93.75%,两组无显著性差异(P=0.4566).保乳术患者对残乳的满意率为90.61%,认为保留了乳房后其对家庭和社会生活仍充满自信的分别占75%和87.5%;相反,根治术者仅占28.13%和40.63%;A、B两组有显著性差异(P=0.000、0.000).由此得出结论,保乳术和根治/改良根治术两种治疗方法对Ⅰ~Ⅱ期乳腺癌患者的预后无差异,成本亦无明显区别,而保乳术明显提高了患者的家庭、社会生活质量. 相似文献
6.
乳腺癌患者常常被各种心理问题所困扰,特别是乳腺癌根治术对女性性特征所带来的严重影响,各种心理问题更为突出。这些心理问题不但影响患者的生活质量,而且影响疾病的发生、发展及转归。本文回顾了患者的个人因素、疾病本身和治疗因素及其他社会心理因素与心理状况的关系,对乳腺癌患者进行心理干预、临床的综合诊治和防治过程提供新思路。 相似文献
7.
对15例直肠癌保肛术后患者进行半结构式访谈,运用现象学方法进行资料分析与提炼,以深入了解直肠癌保肛术后患者的心理灵活性现状,探索影响心理灵活性的因素。研究发现直肠癌保肛术后患者心理灵活性的影响因素可归纳为知识缺乏、价值感降低、情绪痛苦、生活方式改变和社会支持五个方面。医护人员应借鉴和发展有针对性的干预措施,不仅能为患者提供照护,更能与患者共同管理疾病和帮助患者发展适应性能力,最终提高患者的心理灵活性,减轻心理应激。 相似文献
8.
调查乳腺癌患者术后自我管理行为现状,分析其影响因素.应用自我管理行为量表、中文版癌症自我技能评估量袁及自行设计的一般资料调查表对260例乳腺癌术后患者进行问卷调查,并分析其影响因素.乳腺癌患者自我管理行为处于中等偏低水平,其影响因素为自我效能感、年龄、文化程度及术式.乳腺癌患者术后自我管理现状不容乐观,且受多种因素的影响,这为制定自我管理干预方案提供了依据. 相似文献
9.
乳腺癌是严重威胁妇女健康的一种疾病 ,也是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一 ,近 2 0年来其发病率呈明显上升的趋势 ,在我国大城市女性中的发病率已占据第 1、2位[1] 。随着我国全面步入小康社会 ,人们自我保健意识的提高和早期乳腺癌的普查 ,使相当一部分乳腺癌得以早期发现。外科治疗是乳腺癌治疗的重要手段 ,195 4年Mcstakalio采用单纯肿瘤切除加放疗治疗早期乳腺癌 ,其 10年生存率、局部复发率及转移率与根治术无明显差别。近年来保留乳房的保守手术和根治性放疗的综合疗法已成为欧美各国早期乳腺癌的主要治疗方法之一。但国内此种治疗模式的… 相似文献
10.
像乳腺癌这样疾病的诊断与治疗 ,无疑会使人产生负性心理应激反应和精神障碍 ,因为患了乳腺癌 ,不但生命受到了威胁 ,而且女性所具有的典型特征也遭到了损害[1 ] 。然而 ,乳腺癌所造成的心理影响和冲击 ,却因人而异。依患者年龄、疾病性质和经济收入、以及接受的治疗措施和受教育程度、婚姻状况及人格特征和实际生活经历、社会与家庭关系和患者的心理及精神历史的不同而各异[2 ] ;与个人的应对能力和方式的不同而差别很大[3] ;与个体所接受的社会支持网络系统和医疗服务水平的不同而不同[4 ] 。据研究 ,在乳癌诊断治疗的头两年内 ,约有 1 / … 相似文献
11.
鉴于对乳腺癌是全身性疾病的认识,为提高术后生存质量,目前乳腺癌治疗中保乳手术日益受到重视.而为了阻断高危险性的乳腺向乳腺癌发展,预防性乳房切除术也正在被患者接受.保留乳腺与预防性切除乳腺的医学实践反映了目前人们对乳腺癌的深层认识,值得深入思考. 相似文献
12.
Complexities abound in the identification and management of families at increased risk for inherited forms of cancer. One of the ways to learn as a profession how best to provide cancer risk counseling (CRC) is to share counseling experiences. Such cases can provide insight into the issues raised by families and ways in which genetic counselors have handled complex situations. Here we describe three CRC cases initially presented at the 1995 American College of Medical Genetics meeting. The first case involves balancing the importance of informing a family of the presence of an inherited cancer syndrome with the family's right not to know. The second case illustrates the difficulties in assisting an individual to make medical management decisions in the face of uncertain risk information. The third case describes the complex interactions with a woman before and after her decision to have prophylactic surgery.
(affiliated with Long Beach Memorial Breast Center at the time of counseling) 相似文献
13.
Objective: Breast cancer survivors report adverse sexual effects (sexual morbidity) such as disrupted sexual function, sexual distress and body dissatisfaction. However, most studies have failed to evaluate the persistence of these effects in long-term survivors. The present study comprehensively assessed the prevalence and predictors of sexual/body image problems among survivors three or more years post diagnosis. Design/outcome measures: Eighty-three breast cancer survivors completed surveys a median of seven years post diagnosis. Survey items probed demographic, diagnostic and clinical information, in addition to sexual activity, sexual function (Female Sexual Function Index [FSFI]), body image, and distress regarding body changes and sexual problems (Female Sexual Distress Scale-revised; FSDS-R). Results: Seventy-seven percent of all participants and 60% of sexually active participants qualified for sexual dysfunction based on the FSFI. Between 37 and 51% met criteria for female sexual dysfunction, based on two FSDS-R clinical cut-offs. Body satisfaction was worse than normative values, while body change stress was mid-range. Notable sexual morbidity predictors included mastectomy, which was associated with worse sexual/body change distress, and post-treatment weight gain, which predicted greater body dissatisfaction/body change stress. Conclusions: Breast cancer survivors report substantial sexual morbidity years after treatment, especially after mastectomy or post-treatment weight gain. Breast cancer patients and their providers should be aware of these potential sexual effects. 相似文献
14.
乳腺癌的治疗方法的变化,恰好说明了传统医学目的与现代医学目的不是对立或相互排斥,而是辩证的统一.现代医学目的是以传统医学目的为基础和前提的,是继承和发展,是重新审视传统医学目的后提出来的. 相似文献
15.
This paper represents a heuristic study of the meaning and essence of ‘reconstruction’ within the lived experience of mastectomy for breast cancer. Open‐ended interviews were conducted with a sample of eight women aged 40 to 58 years, who underwent mastectomy for breast cancer. Four participants had immediate breast reconstruction; two participants had delayed breast reconstruction, and two participants decided not to have the procedure. The study demonstrates that themes of loss/change/reconstruction are inextricably linked to the experience of mastectomy. Loss of a breast was likened to bereavement and in some women caused a loss of part of their identity. The closeness of death altered the awareness the women had of their time left on earth. This awareness brought about change/reconstruction in the majority of the women, in their lives and in their relationships with others. Prior to breast reconstruction there is a place for exploring with women the meaning of ‘normal’ and ‘whole’. Implications for counselling are discussed. 相似文献
16.
循证医学是在临床实践中通过科学的方法获得最充分的证据,并对病人做出最佳诊治决策的一门科学。目前乳腺癌的辅助治疗还存在很多不规范的问题,为使乳腺癌患者尽可能达到最优化的辅助治疗,结合大量的临床研究,分析了不同乳腺癌患者应采取的合理辅助治疗及可能带来的益处。从哲学的角度探讨循证医学在乳腺癌辅助治疗中的应用。 相似文献
17.
Latinas in the United States experience high incidences of breast cancer diagnosis (American Cancer Society, 2012 ). Researchers (e.g., Abraído‐Lanza, Chao, & Gammon, 2004 ; Ashing‐Giwa, Padilla, Bohorquez, Tejero, & Garcia, 2006 ) indicated that Latinas report heightened levels of psychological distress (i.e., depression, anxiety, existential concerns) when compared with other cancer survivors. The purpose of this article is to (a) provide an overview of the mental health concerns of Latina breast cancer survivors and their families, (b) discuss the use of existential counseling to decrease psychological distress, and (c) integrate cultural variables to support cancer recovery from a culturally sensitive perspective. 相似文献
18.
Objective: Breast cancer survivors who develop lymphedema report poorer quality of life (QoL) than those without lymphedema. Expressive writing is a potential intervention to address QoL. Design: Adult women (N = 107) with breast cancer and chronic Stage II lymphedema were randomised to writing about thoughts and feelings specific to lymphedema and its treatment (intervention) or about daily activities (control) for four, 20-min sessions. Main Outcome Measures: Outcome measures were several indicators of QoL assessed at baseline, one, three, and six months post-intervention (total scores and subscales of Upper Limb Lymphedema 27 and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Breast). Hypothesised moderators of change in QoL were dispositional optimism, avoidant behaviours, and time since lymphedema diagnosis. Results: There was no statistically significant intent-to-treat main effects of expressive writing on QoL. Statistically significant moderating effects on change in different indicators of QoL were observed for all three moderators. Expressive writing was more effective for improving QoL in women who were higher on optimism, lower on avoidance and had less time since a lymphedema diagnosis. Conclusion: These results provide further evidence that there are subsets of individuals for whom expressive writing is more effective. Future research may investigate targeting expressive writing based on identified moderators. 相似文献
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