共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
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Bradford Saad 《Philosophical Studies》2016,173(9):2353-2375
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Christopher Pincock 《Synthese》2014,191(13):2957-2972
Idealized scientific representations result from employing claims that we take to be false. It is not surprising, then, that idealizations are a prime example of allegedly inconsistent scientific representations. I argue that the claim that an idealization requires inconsistent beliefs is often incorrect and that it turns out that a more mathematical perspective allows us to understand how the idealization can be interpreted consistently. The main example discussed is the claim that models of ocean waves typically involve the false assumption that the ocean is infinitely deep. While it is true that the variable associated with depth is often taken to infinity in the representation of ocean waves, I explain how this mathematical transformation of the original equations does not require the belief that the ocean being modeled is infinitely deep. More generally, as a mathematical representation is manipulated, some of its components are decoupled from their original physical interpretation. 相似文献
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ROGER A. DIXON 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》1983,24(1):335-337
This brief review was prompted by an article appearing in an earlier issue of this journal (Cohen & Stewart, 1982). It identifies several conditions under which aging effects in free recall of complex materials may be avoided. Under these conditions the diminution of aging effects may occur even when strategic requirements are evident. Results are interpreted in terms of the contextual approach to life-span cognitive developmental psychology. 相似文献
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Immediate and final free recall was tested in children from grades 4, 6, and 8, using lists of words and lists of tasks which the children performed. The expected developmental effect was found in both the immediate and the final free recall of the words, but there were no significant differences in the recall of the tasks as a function of age. These data are discussed within the Flavell-Brown framework of strategic and nonstrategic memory tasks. 相似文献
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Philosophical Studies - Universal reductionism—the sort of project pursued by Carnap in the Aufbau, Lewis in his campaign on behalf of Humean supervenience, Jackson in From Metaphysics to... 相似文献
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Alisa Bokulich 《Synthese》2011,180(1):33-45
Scientific models invariably involve some degree of idealization, abstraction, or fictionalization of their target system.
Nonetheless, I argue that there are circumstances under which such false models can offer genuine scientific explanations.
After reviewing three different proposals in the literature for how models can explain, I shall introduce a more general account
of what I call model explanations, which specify the conditions under which models can be counted as explanatory. I shall illustrate this new framework by
applying it to the case of Bohr’s model of the atom, and conclude by drawing some distinctions between phenomenological models,
explanatory models, and fictional models. 相似文献
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Jedlicka P 《Trends in cognitive sciences》2005,9(4):172; author reply 173
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宗教乡愁(religious nostalgia)是伊利亚德表述的一个重要概念.它意指对神圣的渴望,渴望回归于起源性的时间,也就是渴望回归于众神的临在,而存在于"彼时"(illo tempore)的世界里.本文沿着"宗教乡愁如何可能"的追问,试着探讨宗教认知方式的本体论根源.本文认为人的有死与有限的生存方式成就了这种本体性的根源,此外,正是宗教乡愁使人成为完全的人,获得宗教与文化意义上的生命. 相似文献
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A. Vincente 《Erkenntnis》2002,56(3):329-344
The problem this paper deals with is the problem of how dispositional properties can have causal relevance. In particular, the paper is focused on the question of how dispositions can have causal relevance given that the categorial bases that realise them seem to be sufficient to bring about the effects that dispositions explain. I show first that this problem of exclusion has no general solution. Then, I discuss some particular cases in which dispositions are causally relevant, despite of this exclusion problem. My claim is that dispositions have causal relevance in selection or recruitment processes, when they are converted into teleological functions. 相似文献
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众所周知,佛教圣地五台山近年来大刀阔斧,锐意开拓,旅游事业蓬勃发展。无论在基础设施完善方面,还是在旅游管理、接待、服务方面都表明五台山已跨入全国一流风景名胜区的行列,成为誉满三晋乃至神州大地的一颗璀璨明珠。但是,与全国其它兄弟风景名胜区相比,还有很多差距。虽位居佛教四大名山之首,佛教文化却挖掘得不够深广;旅游景点开发利用不够充分,如五个台顶的开发宣传; 相似文献
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Functional neuroanatomy of cognitive processes is generally derived by subtraction of a control task from an experimental task. We show that this method is logically untenable and propose to replace it with an adaptation of the specific-effect method and of the additive-factor method. The basic flaw that undermines the subtractive method is the comparison between different tasks. We argue that the specific-effect method should be used when investigating activations produced by different levels of a qualitative variable, whereas the additive-factor method should be used for quantitative variables. The use of these methods allows one to distinguish between parallel and serial stages of processing and between local and distributed processing. 相似文献
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Philosophical Studies - Normative realism faces a problem concerning the practicality of normative judgment, the presumptive view that normative judgments are motivational states. Normative... 相似文献