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ABSTRACTDespite emotional clarity and attention to emotion being dynamic in nature, research has largely focused on their trait forms. We examined the association between state and trait forms of these two constructs, and how they are related to affect intensity and two contextual variables: Social context and significant event occurrence. Seventy-nine adults recruited from the community reported eight times a day for a week on the extent to which they were clear about their emotions, attended to their emotions, levels of affect intensity, the number of people with whom they were interacting, and whether a significant event had occurred. State clarity and attention were positively associated, demonstrating a moderate relation similar to that of their trait forms. Trait and state attention, but not trait and state clarity, were significantly positively associated. Positive and negative affect were quadratically associated with clarity and attention, with the highest levels of affect intensity reported at high levels of clarity and attention. Clarity and attention were positively associated with increasing numbers of people with whom people were interacting. Attention and clarity were elevated when significant events occurred – especially during positive events. We discuss the findings in the context of functional adaptation theories of emotion. 相似文献
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Previous research suggests that labelling emotions, or describing affective states using emotion words, facilitates emotion regulation. But how much labelling promotes emotion regulation? And which emotion regulation strategies does emotion labelling promote? Drawing on cognitive theories of emotion, we predicted that labelling emotions using fewer words would be less confusing and would facilitate forms of emotion regulation requiring more cognitively demanding processing of context. Participants (N?=?82) mentally immersed themselves in an emotional vignette, were randomly assigned to an exhaustive or minimal emotion labelling manipulation, and then completed an emotion regulation strategy planning task. Minimal (vs. exhaustive) emotion labelling promoted higher subjective emotional clarity. Furthermore, in terms of specific emotion regulation strategies, minimal emotion labelling prompted more plans for problem solving and marginally more plans for reappraisal, but did not affect plans for behavioural activation or social support seeking. We discuss implications for the cognitive mechanisms supporting the generation of emotion regulation strategies. 相似文献
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This study investigated the role of dispositional mindful attention in immediate reactivity to, and subsequent recovery from, laboratory-induced negative emotion. One hundred and fourteen undergraduates viewed blocks of negative pictures followed by neutral pictures. Participants’ emotional responses to negative pictures and subsequent neutral pictures were assessed via self-reported ratings. Participants’ emotional response to negative pictures was used to index level of emotional reactivity to unpleasant stimuli; emotional response to neutral pictures presented immediately after the negative pictures was used to index level of emotional recovery from pre-induced negative emotion (residual negativity). Results indicated that mindful attention was not associated with the emotional response to negative pictures, but it was associated with reduced negative emotion in response to the neutral pictures presented immediately after the negative pictures, suggesting better recovery as opposed to reduced reactivity. This effect was especially pronounced in later experimental blocks when the accumulation of negative stimuli produced greater negative emotion from which participants had to recover. The current study extends previous findings on the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and reduced negative emotion by demonstrating that mindful attention may facilitate better recovery from negative emotion, possibly through more effective disengagement from previous stimuli. 相似文献
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情绪调节是工作倦怠的一个重要预测变量。实证研究表明, 压抑负面情绪和采用表面表演策略是情绪调节导致工作倦怠的主要原因; 而情绪智力、工作自主等个体因素和组织因素对于情绪调节与工作倦怠的关系具有重要的调节效应。情绪调节对工作倦怠作用机制的理论解释包括面部表情理论、资源保存理论和情绪的社会功能。在此基础上建立了综合的理论模型来分析情绪调节对工作倦怠的作用机制, 提出应该深入探讨组织支持、领导行为和情感文化的调节效应, 并从人力资源管理实践的角度采取预防与干预措施。 相似文献
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Recent research has underscored the importance of elucidating specific patterns of emotion that characterise mental disorders. We examined two emotion traits, emotional variability and emotional clarity, in relation to both categorical (diagnostic interview) and dimensional (self-report) measures of major depressive disorder (MDD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) in women diagnosed with MDD only (n?=?35), SAD only (n?=?31), MDD and SAD (n?=?26) or no psychiatric disorder (n?=?38). Results of the categorical analyses suggest that elevated emotional variability and diminished emotional clarity are transdiagnostic of MDD and SAD. More specifically, emotional variability was elevated for MDD and SAD diagnoses compared to no diagnosis, showing an additive effect for co-occurring MDD and SAD. Similarly diminished levels of emotional clarity characterised all three clinical groups compared to the healthy control group. Dimensional findings suggest that although emotional variability is associated more consistently with depression than with social anxiety, emotional clarity is associated more consistently with social anxiety than with depression. Results are interpreted using a threshold and dose–response framework. 相似文献
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This study examined the relations of dysregulated negative emotional reactivity, emotional distress, and chronic peer victimization in childhood. A model was proposed whereby dysregulated reactivity was directly and indirectly related to concurrent peer victimization through victimization‐related emotional distress. The model further proposed that dysregulated reactivity directly incrementally predicted longitudinal peer victimization above and beyond the effect of concurrent victimization. Two hundred thirteen 9‐ to 13‐year‐old children and their parents completed measures of dysregulated reactivity and victimization experiences at baseline and 6‐month follow‐up. Children also related narratives of personal victimization experiences at baseline that were coded to assess victimization‐related emotional distress. Model testing strongly supported the direct association of dysregulated reactivity with concurrent victimization and incremental predictive effects of dysregulated reactivity on peer victimization over time. Model testing also provided support for an indirect effect of dysregulated reactivity on concurrent peer victimization through victimization‐related emotional distress. This study demonstrated the powerful role that dysregulated negative emotional reactivity plays in the development of chronic peer victimization over time. Aggr. Behav. 38:414‐427, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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情绪、情绪调节策略与情绪材料记忆的关系 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究采用实验法,以288名中小学生为被试,考察了不同情绪状态、不同情绪调节策略与不同类型情绪材料记忆的关系。结果表明:(1)快乐情绪的再认反应时短于悲伤情绪,快乐情绪的再认正确率高于悲伤情绪。(2)表达抑制策略下,词汇与图片的再认反应时无显著差异;认知重评策略下,词汇的再认反应时短于图片;对词汇和图片的再认反应时,认知重评组短于表达抑制组;认知重评组的再认正确率高于表达抑制组。(3)快乐材料再认反应时短于悲伤材料;快乐情绪下快乐材料的再认正确率高于悲伤材料,悲伤情绪下悲伤材料的再认正确率高于快乐材料。 相似文献
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中小学教师情绪工作策略及特性与工作满意度的关系研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
以情绪工作的资源守恒为理论基础, 通过问卷调查, 探讨了368名中小学教师情绪工作策略及其特性与工作满意度的关系。结果发现:①表面行为策略与工作满意度负相关显著, 主动深度行为策略和被动深度行为策略与工作满意度正相关显著。②情绪表达多样性和持久性与工作满意度负相关显著, 并与表面行为策略成正相关显著, 与被动深度行为策略负相关显著;③表面行为策略在情绪表达多样性对工作满意度的影响起部分中介作用, 被动深度行为策略在情绪表达多样性对工作满意度的影响中起完全中介作用。 相似文献
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为了解医护人员工作重塑现状及影响因素,采用工作重塑量表对河南省3所三甲医院242名医护人员进行调查分析。结果显示医生和护士的工作重塑得分分别为(73.23±11.16)(70.26±11.84),处于中等水平;多元线性回归分析结果显示:<18岁子女数量、一般自我效能得分、自我评价得分、工作−家庭平衡各维度得分是医护人员工作重塑水平的影响因素(
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采用问卷调查和深入访谈,评价及分析江苏省公立医院医务人员的工作满意度。问卷调查包括薪酬福利、发展晋升、工作内容与工作环境、上下级关系、同级同事关系5个维度。结合调查结果,对参与问卷调查的某省级三甲医院的医务人员进行深入访谈。江苏省公立医院医务人员工作满意度低于全国水平的原因集中在职业风险高、工作负担重、晋升机会少等方面。为充分调动医务人员的工作积极性,应该建立公平的薪酬补偿机制,增强医务人员的组织凝聚力。 相似文献
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医务人员工作满意度调查研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
通过对医务人员工作满意度进行调查,结果显示医务人员总体工作满意度不高,其中后勤、行政管理人员相对高于医生、护士和医技人员;领导与管理、工作本身、报酬与福利、人际关系、工作条件是医务人员工作满意度的主要影响因素。提高工作满意度应考虑这些因素和注意不同群体的差异。 相似文献
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情绪活动对免疫系统的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
医学心理学新近研究表明,情绪状态及其所伴随的生理反应直接影响免疫系统的功能,积极情绪状态会增强免疫功能,而消极情绪状态则削弱免疫功能,且会提高人对疾病的易感性;情绪调节方式与免疫系统功能间存在着明显相关:积极的情绪调节有助于免疫功能的增强,而消极的情绪调节则导致免疫功能的减弱;情绪宣泄能够缓解创伤或压力事件对免疫功能的消极影响,而抑制消极体验则会导致免疫系统功能的降低,引发更为严重的身心健康问题。 相似文献
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人际情绪调节是重要的社会性情绪调节方式,为阐明其与积极情绪的关系,采用人际情绪调节量表、内隐与外显积极情绪量表、表达抑制量表和情绪调节困难量表进行了调查。1159名被试的分析结果表明:(1)人际情绪调节显著正向预测内隐与外显积极情绪;(2)且情绪调节困难是人际情绪调节预测内隐积极情绪的调节变量;(3)表达抑制是人际情绪调节预测外显积极情绪的中介变量。这表明运用人际情绪调节可增加积极情绪,但是其作用效果与个体的情绪特质相关。 相似文献
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Jackie A. Nelson Marion O'Brien Susan D. Calkins Esther M. Leerkes Stuart Marcovitch A. Nayena Blankson 《Infant and child development》2012,21(3):267-286
Maternal expressive styles, based on a combination of positive and negative expressive patterns, were identified at two points in time and related to multiple aspects of preschool children's emotional development. Mother–child pairs from 260 families participated when the children were 3 years old, and 240 participated again at aged 4 years. Expressive styles were identified at age 3 using cluster analysis, replicated at age 4 and examined in relation to children's emotional understanding, expressiveness and regulation. Three expressive styles were identified: high positive/low negative, very low positive/average negative and average positive/very high negative. Cluster membership was stable in 63% of families from age 3 to 4 years; no systematic patterns of change were evident in the remaining families. Expressive style was related to aspects of children's emotional expression at 3 years and to emotion expression and regulation at 4 years. Children's expressiveness and regulation at age 3 were also related to changes in mothers' expressive styles over 1 year. Identifying mothers' expressive styles provides a unique way to understand the potential role of the emotional climates in which preschool‐aged children learn to express and regulate their own emotions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献