"医闹"产生的原因及防范对策

医德是医学道德的简称,具言之,它是指医务人员在医疗卫生服务的职业活动中应该具备的仁爱、救死扶伤等的品德,是道德德目在医务人员身上的内化,也是对医务人员必须具备的最起码的要求。我们评价一个医生,首先是直面他的医德,医德是医生形象的体现,没有医德的医生即使技艺再高超     

从"道德人"的形成谈医学生医德的培养

教育家陶行知认为:"道德是做人的根本.根本一坏,纵然是你有一些学问和本领,也无甚用处."[1]对于医学生来讲医德就是其根本,医学生如果没有医德,即使学问和本领再大,也终将不能成为一个优秀的医者.所以医学生医德的培养是医学生培养的基础和不可或缺的组成部分.笔者就根据"道德人"的形成,从医学生的心理发展规律出发,探讨医学生医德的培养.     

医德情感内涵及其在临床实践中的重要作用

医德情感,是指医务人员根据一定的医德标准,评价自己和他人的言行和思想是否符合一定道德要求而产生的一种情感;是由那些能否满足医务人员掌握道德标准的需要,而产生某种态度的主观体验。当医务人员的思想和行为符合医德要求,并     

医德教育必须重视心理规律

医德教育,是为了培育医务人员养成良好的医德品质,使其自觉地践行医德义务,而对其有组织、有计划地施加道德影响的活动。良好的医德品德的养成,是外在医德教育与内在医德修养相互作用的结果。医德修养是一个十分复杂的心理过程,受多种心理因素的影响和制约。医德教育只是?..     

联语赞医德

正闲暇之时,翻阅有关对联的书籍,不禁发现有些对联或颂扬医生高尚医德,或赞美医生高超医术,或赞叹药店主人重义轻利,现采撷几副对联,与大家品赏,并以此致敬年初奋斗在抗击新冠肺炎疫情一线的医务人员。但愿人皆健;何妨我独贫。这是清代名医程道州所撰的对联。联语自然妥帖,犹如叙事一般。在程道州看来,只要人家能健康,自己贫困无所谓。读联知其人,其高尚医德尽在联中流露,令人敬意。     

当代中国医生角色道德病症及其原因探析

医生在进行职业角色扮演的时候容易出现角色的紧张与冲突,其实质是医生所承担的角色内部及其之间利益的紧张与冲突。角色道德问题是当代中国医德发展所面临的一大难题。分析了当代中国医生角色道德病症及其原因,为当代中国医德研究开辟了一条新的路径。     

略论"延续性医德教育"模式的内涵与构建

目前医德教育在教育时间与教育手段等方面缺乏延续性.通过对医德教育的特点和规律以及传统医德教育存在的弊病、医疗领域不正之风的负面影响等问题的分析,提出应着手构建在校医学生--实习生--在职医务人员"三位一体"的"延续性医德教育"模式,实现"第一课堂与第二课堂"、"系统医德理论与实践"、"被动性与自主性"医德教育三结合.     

选择的困惑与困惑的选择--医学道德冲突初论

在医学道德实践活动中 ,作为医德主体的医务人员 ,时时刻刻处在各种错综复杂的医德关系之中 ,并总是要依据一种或几种医德准则对自己的行为进行选择 ,以实现自己所追求的最高医德价值。然而 ,由于医务人员所处的医德关系及面临的医德准则错综复杂 ,其医德选择常常陷入两难困境 (即医德冲突 )之中。如何使医务人员从医德冲突中成功突围应是医学伦理学必须解决的问题 ,但我国目前的一些医学伦理学教材基本未给予专门论述。本文试图从医德冲突的成因、特点、研究意义、内容以及解决的途径做一些粗浅探讨 ,以期引起同道们的重视和关注。1　选择…     

刍议医德迷失与重塑

在我国的医疗行政界、医务界、医学教育界以及临床医者中出现了医德迷失现象.社会发展模式,道德激励游戏化,败德激励机制的精细化,个人生存压力,专业知识垄断等原因共同导致医德迷失.医德境界的提升应从教育做起,完善政策引导机制、社会监督评价机制,做好医务人员的岗前培训,提倡医者的自我修养.     

医德形成:外在强制与内在自觉

作为一种职业道德，医德的形成需要有一个过程。首先要以普通人或一般人的本质特性，即人是一个自由的有意识的存在者为前提条件。根据现代人的道德状况，将医德的形成分为两种路径，即医德形成的一般途径：靠制度约束的外在强制；医德形成的根本途径：对医生美德的内在自觉。     

The positive and negative effects of anger on dispute resolution: evidence from electronically mediated disputes

Scholars have argued that anger expressed by participants in mediation is counterproductive; yet, there is also reason to believe that expressions of anger can be productive. The authors tested these competing theories of emotion by using data from online mediation. Results show that expression of anger lowers the resolution rate in mediation and that this effect occurs in part because expressing anger generates an angry response by the other party. However, when respondents are especially vulnerable, expressions of anger by the filer do not hinder settlement. The authors also examined precursors to anger, such as value of dispute and reputation, and the degree to which a focus on dispute resolution is reciprocated.     

“Think Your Blackest Thoughts and Darken Them:” Judicial Mediation of Large Money Damage Disputes

This paper considers a much neglected, but distinctive and increasingly prevalent kind of mediation work: the mediation of large money damage cases by acting and former judges. The research finds that judicial mediation is a law-infused procedure different from forms of mediation in which the stuff of law and lawyers' work is only marginally relevant, if at all. The study details how judge-mediators draw on their knowledge of the law, technically and as a matter of professional practice, to make legally persuasive arguments that critically evaluate each side's case and what is likely to occur at future points, adversely altering the litigants' understanding of the risks and costs of failing to settle and thus facilitating dispute resolution. The study was developed and pursued as an ethnographic and ethnomethodological study of work.     

论行政调解的法制建构

行政调解是我国调解制度的重要构成部分,是"大调解"纠纷解决机制的重要环节,对解决社会纠纷、化解社会矛盾具有特殊重要的地位和功能。但是我国行政调解法律制度至今尚未建立起来。本文认为,我国调解法律制度建设的目标是在《人民调解法》的基础上,制定统一的《调解法》,建构较为完备的调解法律制度。当前的重点是建立和完善行政调解制度,建议在《调解法》制定之前由国务院制定《行政调解条例》,建立较为完整的行政调解法律制度,国务院行政法规制定以前,各省、自治区、直辖市人大常委会可以先行制定行政调解的地方性法规,将行政调解纳入法治轨道。进而,本文围绕构建我国行政调解法律制度,对我国行政调解的概念界定、行政调解主体、行政调解的范围、行政调解的基本原则、行政调解的程序和行政调解协议的法律效力等问题进行了较为系统的探讨。     

Argument and alternative dispute resolution systems

Alternative dispute resolution occurs outside the litigation process. The alternative dispute resolution (ADR) movement in North America has emphasized viable alternatives to the litigation framework, such as arbitration, mediation, med-arb, multi-party facilitation, non-legal negotiation, mini-trials, administrative hearings, private judging (renta-judge), fact finding, and moderated settlement conferences. This essay addresses argument in the dominant alternatives: arbitration, mediation, and multi-party facilitation. Prior to comparing argument in these ADR systems, each will be briefly described.     

从"胡为民现象"看我国医疗领域的社会失范

随着我国经济体制的转型,由于市场机制的引进和发展不规范,医药卫生体制改革不成熟,在医疗领域出现了很多失范的现象.透过"胡为民现象",分析了我国医疗领域社会失范的特点和原因,并针对原因提出了防治医疗领域社会失范的意见和措施     

Facilitating 'Perspectival Reciprocity' in Medication: Some Reflections on a Failed Case

Mediation services arise in contexts where the notions of community cohesion, relationship integrity and social order are valued over their opposites (disorder, dissent, conflict etc). Yet it is not at all clear whether and how the mediation of conflict works to re-establish harmony or consensus. Indeed it is not at all clear that mediation is always effective or just. It has even been suggested that some conflicts (e.g. work-place, commercial and sexual assault) are either not resolved or not resolved justly by mediation. On the other hand, advocates maintain that mediation can bring resolution and repair to ongoing relationships, promote community harmony, and empower people to be self-determining in the construction and maintenance of their resolutions. Whether mediation is adjudged positively or not, all mediation is instantiated in, indeed performed through, talk. In this paper I examine mediations from an Australian mediation program, and use Conversation Analysis to expose the practical methods by which mediators achieve consensus between disputants. I then examine a case in which mediation has failed to produce the sought-after consensus, and explore one way of understanding the failure of mediation in that case.     

浅析医患纠纷的解决机制

目前,我国未有一条有效的途径来缓和医患矛盾。诉讼、仲裁和调解是较为常见的几种纠纷解决机制。如果能建立起配套的法律法规和相应的组织机构,充分发挥诉讼、仲裁和调解各自的优势,应该可以有效解决目前的医患纠纷。因此,我国目前必须加大对该问题的研究力度,加快立法进程,在实践中努力寻找最有效的解决办法,尽快建立我国医患纠纷的解决机制。     

A Comparison of the Effectiveness of Substantive and Contextual Mediation Tactics1

The effectiveness of three mediation tactics was compared in two laboratory studies. It was hypothesized that a content mediation procedure which involved identifying the priorities of both parties and suggesting a trade-off of low for high priority issues would be most effective in helping to resolve the dispute, followed by an issue identification mediation procedure in which priorities were identified but no suggestions were made. A positive framing mediation procedure in which the benefits of a negotiated settlement were emphasized was expected to be somewhat less effective. In Study 1, 64 students played the role of company negotiator and interacted with a programmed citizen group negotiator. All three mediation tactics produced more satisfactory outcomes (higher joint payoffs) than did a no-mediation condition. In Study 2, 46 pairs of students negotiated with one another and received content mediation, issue identification mediation, positive framing mediation, or no mediation. Negotiators receiving content mediation achieved more satisfactory outcomes (higher joint profits) than did negotiators in the other 3 conditions. Results are discussed in terms of a contingency model of mediation effectiveness.     

Promoting co-operative parenting after separation: a therapeutic/interventionist model of family mediation

With adequate therapeutic support, the ideal of co-operative shared parenting could become a reality for the majority of separated, divorced and remarried families. A therapeutic/interventionist approach to family mediation (as contrasted to the more short-term, future-focused, neutralist mainstream model, structured strictly towards the resolution of issues under dispute) may offer the most effective and efficient means to do this. Within this approach, mediation is used to introduce separating parents to shared parenting as a viable alternative, reduce their anxiety about shared parenting as a living arrangement deviating from the norm, enable them to consider a range of shared parenting options, help them work through the development of a shared parenting plan, and support them in the transition to post-divorce parenting. In its emphasis on parental responsibility and shared parental authority in the resolution of post-separation parenting disputes, the model reflects an orientation consistent with the philosophy of the Children Act 1989, and is ideally suited for use by family therapists working with parents during the divorce transition.     

医疗纠纷的解决机制

近年来,医疗纠纷呈上升趋势,不仅是医疗界和学术界关注的焦点和热点问题,而且已成为整个社会和政府极为关注并亟待解决的课题。在现有的法院诉讼、协商解决、行政调解等医疗纠纷解决机制下,应尽快建立医事仲裁制度,为解决医疗纠纷开辟新的途径。