浅述内丹修炼

内丹学是道教核心内容;内丹修炼是道教徒企望实现理想人格的必由途径和精神支柱。但是,纵观洋洋丹经道书,满纸的龙虎铅汞、婴儿姹女、金乌玉兔、黄婆媒约、漕溪河车……处处隐语词,令学者如坠五里云雾之中,难窥端倪,莫识奥义。我虽研读丹经十多年,奈心性愚钝、学疏才浅...     

浅论道教内丹的“三要件”理论——以《性命圭旨》为例

道教炼丹术,可以区分为炼外丹和炼内丹两类。在外丹产生以前,人们把那种以五金八石为药物炼制所谓长生不死仙丹的方术,叫炼丹术。内丹产生以来,仍然沿用外丹术语,把以人体精、气、神为药物炼制仙丹的过程也叫炼丹术。但为了区分起见,通常把这种人体内的炼养称为内丹术,而把原来以矿物为原料的炼丹术叫做外丹术。又因为外丹所谓炼丹主要指从矿物质中提取金银,因此外丹术又称为外丹黄白术(“黄白”为黄金白银的隐语)。而药物、鼎炉、火候,则是外丹术炼丹的必备条件,内丹继续沿用这些术语,并把它作为内丹炼养的“三大要件”,用来比喻内丹炼养的…     

《宗教学研究》2001年总目

论 文 题 目作者期数 页数道教神霄派渊源略考李远国 1—1彭耜其人其事考连镇标1—10论内丹学“性命双修”的思想戈国龙1—19王*'生平事迹考述唐代剑1—27甘肃省博物馆藏道教《十戒经传授盟文》杨富学 李永平1—97论成玄英《道德经义疏》中的圣人形象成守勇1—101六朝上清经的隐书之道朱越利2—1论道家的内圣外王和禅宗的不执著张松辉2—13全真道的心性道德修养论探析吕锡琛2—18从性命问题看内丹学与禅之关系戈国龙2—23壶中别有日月天——内丹隐语“壶”之源流及《壶天性果女丹十则法》 述要刘 直2—31钟馗神话的由来及其形象刘燕萍2—35…     

《陈先生内丹诀》研究

《陈先生内丹诀》是一部非常独特的内丹著作 ,其所述丹法与作为道教内丹主流的钟吕系丹法迥然不同。本文对《陈先生内丹诀》的作者、传本作了考证 ,并从“内丹之道”与“内丹之法”两个方面对其理论特色作了深入论析 ,指出这一独特丹法 ,强调从胆入手 ,并大量运用存神行气等内养方术 ,显示了早期内丹形成过程中 ,道教传统内修术所起的重大作用     

王沐先生的内丹学研究

<正>王沐(1908-1992),河北乐亭人,著名道教内丹研究学者,曾任中国道教协会理事。王沐先生研究内丹学60余年,对道教内丹诸派功法作了全面的考察,并结合自己的内修作了平实的叙述,堪称以学术态度对待道教内丹术的开拓者之一。对内丹学的整体认识王沐先生继承了陈撄宁先生对于内丹学的认识,肯定了内丹学的     

道教内丹诗词的美学分析

道教内丹诗词是表现道教内丹理论和实践的重要工具。道教内丹诗词反映了道教的宗教理论,表现了道教内丹的宗教过程和修道者的宗教感受,体现出独特的文化符号和审美意象,形成了独特的美学意蕴。     

道教内丹学中的“顺逆”问题

道教内丹学是独具中华文化特色的生命超越理论和修道方式,经过千百年来道教内丹家们的不断探索,在与儒佛的抗争与交融中,道教内丹学逐渐形成了一套具有完整的理论基础和实践工夫的“道教仙学”,它的主旨被概括为“顺凡逆仙”的“返本还源”之道。对道教内丹学中的“顺逆”问题的研究,就是对内丹学修道成仙的本体论基础的研究,它有助于了解内丹学成仙的可能性和它蕴含的对宇宙生命奥秘的洞见。本文详细论证了道教内丹学中“顺逆”问题的理论层级和丰富意蕴,从现代角度检讨了这一问题的理论效果,揭示内丹学本体论所可能蕴含的哲理意义。     

论内丹学工夫论中的“炼丹三要”

内丹学工夫论的一个重要的主题是"炼丹三要",即内丹修炼功夫的三个要素:炉鼎、药物和火候。本文综合考察内丹学文献中的相关材料,对道教内丹学"返本还原"理论视域下的"炼丹三要"做了具体的文献疏释与理论分析,是作者道教内丹学研究领域的最新成果之一。     

论《日月玄枢篇》的内丹思想

本文从三个方面详细阐论了刘知古《日月玄枢篇》内丹义理的特色 ,全面剖析了该篇经典隐晦之文字背后的清晰的内丹内核 ,肯定了它在外丹向内丹转型期的重要价值。     

试析魏尧与赵避尘的内丹性命论

魏尧与赵避尘是民国时期有影响的内丹家。面对西方文化强势挑战,魏尧坚持以道融摄儒佛的传统,融合道儒佛三教性命思想来诠释内丹性命论,提出"先后天五行"性命论。而赵避尘除了坚持以道融摄儒佛的传统外,着重援引西方生理学、解剖学等来诠释内丹性命论,主张道教内丹学之精气神论是精气神生理学。但魏赵二人的内丹性命论实质上背离内丹学之性命思想。这对今日道教文化的现代阐释提供了有益的启示。     

"Psychotherapy" versus "treatment"

Presents a comment on "Psychological treatments" by D. H. Barlow. Barlow proposed that we distinguish between the terms "treatment" and "psychotherapy." The author believes that not only is the distinction unnecessary, but that its implications could have negative consequences for the field of clinical psychology. It is the proposed distinguishing feature that treatments are "specifically tailored to the pathological process that is causing the impairment and distress" that is most problematic. Clinical psychology does not need a distinction that further exacerbates the split between researchers and practitioners.     

"Enmeshment" and "Fusion"

The paper examines two related concepts utilized by two different schools of family therapy. Any family seen to be "enmeshed" is also seen as "fused," and vice versa. The difference in the level of focus, on the "system containing the individuals" (structural) or the "individual in the system" (fusion), determines the difference in therapeutic approach of these two schools.     

“对的”与“好的”

什么是“对的”,和对它的证立,是道德哲学中具有争议性的核心问题,也是效用主义和道义论间的主要差异之所在。统合效用主义对于“好的就是对的”这个陈述有一套完整周延的说法。而道义论对这个问题的证立不够周延或没有足够的说服力。     

"本体论"与"伦理学"--形而上学的两个向度

形而上学有两个密切相关的内在向度,就是本体论向度与伦理学向度.在哲学史上,哲学家们之所以在"追求形而上学"的同时,又总是"反形而上学",并非是人们的形上本性出了问题,而是因为人们总是将形而上学视为单纯的"一维性",总是用一个向度来取代或遮蔽另一个向度.而所谓的"后形而上学思想",也并不是消解了形而上学,而是指形而上学从"本体论向度"转向了"伦理学向度".     

"石狮"、"风水"与"吉祥"

谁都知道,在古老的中国,不管是衙门、宫殿、庙宇的门前,还是豪宅、大户人家的门口,人们都能看到摆着一对石狮。据说,这对石狮子在许多中国人的心目中,它不但是一种气派的象征,而且还是一种被人认为是好的“吉祥物”。如今,旧时的衙门没有了,但遗留下来的宫殿、庙宇的门前,其中有些石狮仍有保存。然而,想像不到的是,这号称“吉祥物”的石狮今天却开始“走”进某些党政机关的大门口,它们(石狮)在那里时时都在保护着这些政府要员“平平安安”、“吉祥如意”。这不仅使我联想起一些极端的报道,有些政府官员为升迁,请算命先生定位,用风水术为政府…     

PREFERRING "HOUSEWIVES" TO "FEMINISTS"

Four studies are described outlining the favorability of attitudes toward women. In Study 1, participants indicated their attitudes toward women and men and their construal of the term "women". The results revealed that women were evaluated more favorably than men, but that male right-wing authoritarians (RWAs) who construed women as referring primarily to feminists were least favorable in their attitudes. In Study 2, participants indicated their attitudes toward both "housewives" and "feminists". The results revealed that feminists were evaluated less favorably than housewives, and that the most negative attitudes toward feminists were expressed by authoritarian men. Study 3 revealed that high-RWA males held more negative symbolic beliefs concerning feminists (i.e., beliefs that feminists failed to promote participants'values) and that these beliefs accounted for variation in attitudes among high RWAs and much of the RWA-attitude relation. Finally, Study 4 revealed that high RWAs perceived greater value dissimilarity between them-selves and feminists. The implications of the findings for future research are discussed.     

"Us" and "Them":

Abstract: In the Aristotelian tradition, politics is a matter of public deliberation over questions of justice and injustice. The Bush administration's response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, has been uniformly hostile to this notion, and it has instead promoted a jingoistic politics of self‐assertion by an America largely identified with the executive branch of its government. This is doubly disturbing, as the executive branch has sought to free itself from international law, multinational commitments, and domestic judicial regulation, even as it has sought to validate itself by demonizing its enemies. This essay draws out the disturbing echoes here of Carl Schmitt's work of the 1920s, in particular of Schmitt's conception of the sovereign as the ungrounded ground of the law and the political as the site of mortal conflict between friend and enemy. The essay argues that Schmitt's position in the twenties, for all of its evident problems, is superior to that of Bush, Wolfowitz, and Ashcroft in at least two senses: Schmitt condemns the idea of waging war for profit and recognizes that such wars will often be disguised as moral crusades waged against the “inhuman”; and he acknowledges that claiming to fight a war for humanity denies one's enemies their humanity, leaving them open to torture and even extermination.     

从"管制"到"平衡"--政府与公众理想关系模式的构建及其制度化

论文从行政民主的角度探讨政府与公众之间的理想关系模式及其制度化构建过程 ,将我国在改革之前的政府与公众模式概括为管制模式。论文指出 ,在制度变迁的过程中 ,这一模式日益受到挑战。而在新的制度环境下 ,我国政府与公众的关系模式应该是平衡模式。这一模式的制度化措施包括培育自主的市民社会 ,赋予公众以独立的活动空间 ;促进行政公开 ,建立一个开放负责的政府 ;推进行政法建设 ,抑制行政恣意     

The "Natural" and the "Formal"

The paper presents an argument against a metaphysical conception of logic according to which logic spells out a specific kind of mathematical structure that is somehow inherently related to our factual reasoning. In contrast, it is argued that it is always an empirical question as to whether a given mathematical structure really does captures a principle of reasoning. (More generally, it is argued that it is not meaningful to replace an empirical investigation of a thing by an investigation of its a priori analyzable structure without paying due attention to the question of whether it really is the structure of the thing in question.) It is proposed to elucidate the situation by distinguishing two essentially different realms with which our reason must deal: the realm of the natural, constituted by the things of our empirical world, and the realm of the formal, constituted by the structures that we use as prisms to view, to make sense of, and to reconstruct the world. It is suggested that this vantage point may throw light on many foundational problems of logic.